摘要
目的了解全国健康小屋的分布和使用情况,为健康小屋的工作开展提供建议。方法组织各省市区县全民健康生活方式行动办公室对所辖健康小屋进行问卷调查,针对2014年12月31日(含)以前建设的健康小屋开展调查。通过流行病学数据采集系统(EDDC)收集数据。用SAS 9.4软件进行统计学分析,用秩和检验比较不同属性健康小屋的使用次数。结果截至2014年12月31日,全国共建成5 363个健康小屋,覆盖全国675个区县,其中3 295个(61.44%)在东部地区,3 808个(71.01%)建在各级医疗机构。90%以上的健康小屋都可检测体重、身高、血压、腰围等项目。平均每个健康小屋在2014年1年的使用次数为1 000次(Q_1~Q_3:300~3 000)。开展健康教育工作的小屋使用次数(1 023次/年)明显高于未开展健康教育服务的小屋(680次/年),有信息系统的小屋使用次数(1 260次/年)高于无信息系统的小屋(1 000次/年),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。对小屋进行过宣传、有专人引导检测、可打印报告、定期进行设备维护以及将数据用于更新健康档案的健康小屋使用次数均较高。结论目前健康小屋使用次数不高,功能未被完全发挥,建议完善健康小屋信息化建设,与健康档案等数据互联互通,在开展健康监测服务的同时做好健康教育工作,将健康小屋作为加强群众自我健康管理的阵地,提高利用率。
Objective To understand the distribution and application of health huts in China and to provide the suggestions for developing the health huts. Methods Executive offices of ＂China Healthy Lifestyle for All＂ at province, city and county levels performed the investigations on health huts, which were established before December 31 of 2014. The data were collected by the Epidemiological Dynamic Data Collection platform （EDDC）.SAS 9.4 software was used for statistic analysis. Wilcoxon rank sum test was used to compare the used numbers of health hut with different types. Results Before December 31 of 2014, 5 363 health huts were established and distributed in 675 counties, 61.44% （N=3 295） of health huts were located in Eastern China, and 71.01% （N=3 808） of health huts were in medical institutions. More than 90% of health booths could test weight, height, blood pressure and waistline. In 2014, the average used number per hut was 1 000 times （Q1-Q3：300-3 000）. The used number of a health hut with health education was 1 023 times/year, which were significantly higher than that （680 times/year） of a health hut without health education; the used number of a health hut with information system was 1 260 times/year, which were significantly higher than that （ 1 000 times/year） of a health hut without information system （P〈0.01）. The used number of propagated health huts which could provide the guidance of health examination, print the reports, keep the regular facility maintenance and transfer the data into ＂Residents Health Files＂ was higher. Conclusion At present, the used times and function of health huts are not high. It is suggested that the informatization of health huts should be improved, the data should be shared with ＂Residents Health Files＂, the health education should be performed, and the health huts should be became into the places with health self-management to enhance the usage rate.
作者
张晓畅
李园
王静雷
吴静
ZHANG Xiao-chang LI Yuan WANG Jing-lei WU Jing(Division of NCD Control and Community Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China)
出处
《中国慢性病预防与控制》
CAS
2017年第5期321-324,共4页
Chinese Journal of Prevention and Control of Chronic Diseases
关键词
健康小屋
健康管理
健康促进
信息化建设
慢性病
Healthy hut
Healthy management
Healthy promotion
Information construction
Chronic diseases
