摘要
目的 分析四川省噪声作业工人高频段听力损失和疑似职业性噪声聋病例分布情况,为预防和控制职业性噪声聋提供参考。方法 收集2021年四川省所有职业健康检查机构上报的噪声作业工人体检资料,采用SPSS 26.0软件对其高频段听力损失、疑似职业性噪声聋病例等指标进行统计分析,以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果 共收集379 375名噪声作业工人职业健康检查资料,疑似职业性噪声聋检出率为0.09%,噪声作业职业禁忌症检出率为1.20%,高频段听力损失检出率为7.59%,语频段听力损失检出率为0.63%,高血压检出率为12.12%,心电图异常率为16.60%。高频段听力损失人员以男性、35~60岁人群居多,主要集中在中小型制造业和采矿业,地区分布以成都、德阳和广元为主,听力损失率随年龄和工龄的增加而升高。结论 2021年四川省噪声危害暴露基数较大,听力损失检出率偏高,应加大对重点人群、重点行业与中小型企业的综合性预防措施,降低职业性噪声聋的发生。
Objective To analyze the distribution of high-frequency band hearing loss and suspected occupational noise-induced deafness among noise-exposed workers in Sichuan Province,and to provide reference for the prevention and control of occupational noise-induced deafness.Methods The physical examination data of noise exposed workers reported by all occupational health examination institutions in Sichuan Province in 2021 were collected.SPSS 26.0 software was used for statistical analysis of the high-frequency band hearing loss,suspected occupational noise-induced deafness and other indicators.And P<0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.Results The occupational physical examination data of 379375 workers exposed to noise were collected.The detection rate of suspected occupational noise-induced deafness was 0.09%.The detection rate of occupational contraindications in noise operation was 1.20%.The detection rate of high-frequency band hearing loss was 7.59%.The detection rate of hearing loss in speech band was 0.63%.The detection rate of hypertension was 12.12%.And the abnormal rate of electrocardiogram was 16.60%.The majority of people with high- frequency band hearing loss were men, 35-60 years old, andmainly concentrated in small and medium- sized manufacturing and mining industries. The regionaldistribution was mainly in Chengdu,Deyang and Guangyuan. The hearing loss rate increased withthe increase of age and length of service. Conclusions In 2021,Sichuan Province had a large noisehazard exposure base and a high detection rate of hearing loss. Therefore,comprehensive preventivemeasures should be strengthened for key populations, key industries,and small and medium-sizedenterprises to reduce the incidence of occupational noise-induced deafness.
作者
商维维
阴旅宁
杜利利
蒋恩霏
SHANG Weiwei;YIN Lvning;DU Lili;JIANG Enfei(Sichuan Center of Disease Prevention and Control,Chengdu 610041,Sichuan Province,China.)
出处
《预防医学情报杂志》
CAS
2023年第6期649-655,共7页
Journal of Preventive Medicine Information
基金
四川省科技厅项目(项目编号:2021JDR0338)。
关键词
噪声
职业健康检查
听力损失
noise
occupational health examination
hearing loss
