摘要
为探究对离心空压机叶轮叶顶间隙处的流动特性与运行时叶片发生的耦合变形,基于流固耦合传热理论,建立叶轮内部流体力学与结构力学数值计算模型,综合考虑离心力、气动力和热应力3种载荷,分析不同叶顶间隙下叶顶处的应力和变形分布。仿真结果表明:叶顶间隙会产生入口分离涡和叶顶泄漏流,两者共同干扰主流区的流动,增加流动损失;在离心力、气压载荷和热载荷共同作用下,叶片最大变形发生在叶片叶顶弦长0.3左右处,吸力面比压力面的最大变形量大3.7%,随着叶高的降低,变形量逐渐减小;叶片叶顶前缘部分应力值较小,叶顶处压力面与吸力面的最大应力值不在同一轴向位置,随着间隙值的增大,顶部的应力值整体逐渐降低。通过流场和结构分析,确定最佳间隙,并对叶片进行线型优化,优化后叶片的气动性能与安全性得到显著提高。
In order to explore the flow characteristics at tip clearance and the coupling deformation of the blade during running on the centrifugal air compressor,based on the fluid-structure coupling heat transfer theory,the hydrodynamic and structural mechanics numerical calculation models of the impeller were established.Considering centrifugal force,aerodynamic force and thermal stress,the stress and deformation distribution at the blade tip under different tip clearances were analyzed.The results show that tip clearance can generate inlet separation vortex and tip leakage flow,which together disturb the flow in the main flow zone and increase the flow loss.Under the combined action of centrifugal force,air pressure load and thermal load,the maximum deformation of the blade occurs at about 0.3 chord length of the blade tip.The maximum deformation of the suction surface is 3.7%larger than that of the pressure surface.With the decrease of the blade height,the deformation decreases gradually.The stress value at the leading edge of blade tip is small,and the maximum stress value at the pressure surface and suction surface is not in the same axial position.With the increase of clearance value,the overall stress value at the top gradually decreases.Through the flow field and structure analysis,the optimum clearance size was determined,and the blade was optimized.The aerodynamic performance and safety of the blade were significantly improved after optimization.
作者
贺诗榕
董志强
刘通
HE Shirong;DONG Zhiqiang;LIU Tong(College of Mechanical Engineering,Taiyuan University of Science&Technology,Taiyuan Shanxi 030024,China)
出处
《润滑与密封》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第6期133-141,共9页
Lubrication Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(51106162)。
关键词
离心空压机
叶顶间隙
泄漏流
流固耦合
线型优化
centrifugal air compressor
tip clearance
leakage flow
fluid-structure coupling
linear optimization
