摘要
文章利用2014、2016年中国家庭发展追踪调查的微观数据,基于幼儿园入学年龄限制的“准自然实验”,运用模糊断点回归方法,估计了公共托幼服务对女性的就业释放效应及其内在机制。研究发现,公共托幼服务显著提升了女性就业概率,延长了每日工作时间,但未对女性的工作收入产生显著的影响。机制分析表明,孩子进入幼儿园后,女性家务劳动时间缩短,睡眠与锻炼时间延长,有更充足的时间和精力参与劳动;同时,孩子进入幼儿园所增加的托幼费用,也对女性就业产生了刺激效应。文章的结论深化了对公共托幼社会效应的理解,为进一步完善双薪型家庭政策提供了重要启示。
This paper uses micro data from the China Family Development Tracking Survey in 2014 and 2016,employing the quasi-experiment of the kindergarten enrollment age limit,it estimates the impact of public childcare services on women's employment with a fuzzy regression discontinuity design.Empirical results show that public childcare significantly increases the probability of female employment and extends their daily working hours.Mechanism analysis shows that when children are in childcare centers,women's caring burden is greatly reduced on the one hand,which helps to shorten their time doing housework and extend their sleeping and exercising hours,thereby getting more time and energy to participate in labor force.On the other hand,the childcare expenditure induced by childcare enrollment also tends to stimulate women to return work.Our results contribute to deepen the understanding of social effects of public childcare services,and provide important inspiration for the development of the dual-income family policy in China.
作者
石智雷
王璋
Shi Zhilei;Wang Zhang
出处
《中国人口科学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2023年第3期51-67,共17页
Chinese Journal of Population Science
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目“流动人口二代成年后面临的问题研究”(编号:22&ZD196)的阶段性成果。
关键词
公共托幼服务
女性就业
模糊断点回归
Public Childcare Service
Female Employment
Fuzzy Regression Discontinuity Design
