摘要
本文利用中国健康与营养调查数据估计了子女数量对已婚女性劳动供给、工作时间投入和工资水平的影响,并通过采用工具变量法和赫克曼两步法(Heckman two-step)解决了回归分析中子女数量的内生性问题以及工作时间和工资方程中存在的样本选择问题,第一次全面考察了中国城镇和农村已婚女性生育率对其劳动供给行为和工资水平的因果效应。实证分析表明,生育子女数量的增加会显著降低城镇已婚女性的劳动供给,并且显著降低在业女性的工作时间投入和工资水平。生育子女数量的增加对农村已婚女性是否参与非农就业没有显著影响,对参与了非农就业女性的工资也没有显著影响,但是显著降低了其工作时间投入。
Using CHNS data,this paper estimates the impacts of number of children on the labor supply and wage earnings of married women.Using instrumental estimation and Heckman two-step estimation strategies,this paper solved the problem of the endogeneity of the number of children and sample selections in estimating hours of working and wage earnings.This is the first paper that attempts to estimate the causal effects of fertility on labor supply and wage earnings of urban and rural married women in China.It is found that additional children significantly reduce urban married women＇s labor supply,hours of working and wage earnings.No significant effects of fertility on rural married women＇s labor supply and wage earnings have been found,but fertility indeed decreases rural married women＇s hours of working.
出处
《人口与经济》
CSSCI
北大核心
2011年第5期29-35,共7页
Population & Economics
