摘要
评价中西部高等教育振兴的视角及导向,是审视“差距”与“振兴”关系的基点,也是破除认知性锁定和不良路径依赖的关键。中西部高等教育的全面振兴须要激发内生动力和发展活力,要求探索相应的评价思路及对策。基于内生力视角,从人才培养、人才集聚、科研创新和经济联动4个维度,即区域高等教育的内生循环发展环节,构建综合评价体系,采用18个中西部省份2005—2020年的面板数据对中西部高等教育振兴进行评价分析。研究发现:中西部省份的高等教育振兴度均呈现波动上升趋势,且后期表现优于前期;西部高等教育发展起点较低,但振兴势头良好,后劲较强,拔尖与补弱的成效同显;西南的整体表现优于西北,但中部呈现“塌陷”特征,主要表现为内生发展速度相对滞缓,振兴势头与较高的发展起点不匹配。维度分解结果显示,中西部各省份均存在相对薄弱环节。在人才培养和人才集聚方面,中部多数省份“塌陷”,西部两极分化严重。在科研创新方面,中部和西部都有约1/3的省份需要补短。在经济联动方面,中部各省份排位失序不明显,西部有1/3的省份明显失调。针对不同薄弱类型的区域高等教育内生发展模式,应采取差异化对策。与传统评价相区别,内生力视角下的中西部高等教育振兴评价以完善自我造血机制为导向,评价体系以人才要素为核心,而不以物质资源为核心;力求与区域社会经济发展体量相适应的协调,而不追求地理意义上绝对的均衡分布;强调评价维度之间的循环互动,而非简单的并列。未来应推动评价导向转变,完善内生力评价指标体系,改进评价手段和技术,助力激活中西部高等教育振兴的内生动力。
The perspective and orientation of evaluating the revitalization of central and western higher education is the base point for examining the relationship between“gap”and“revitalization”,and the key to break the cognitive lock and undesirable path dependence.The comprehensive revitalization of central and western higher education must stimulate endogenous power and development vitality,which requires exploring corresponding evaluation ideas and countermeasures.Based on the endogenous force perspective,a comprehensive evaluation system is constructed from four dimensions of talent cultivation,talent concentration,research innovation and economic linkage,i.e.the endogenous cycle development link of regional higher education,and the panel data of 18 central and western provinces from 2005 to 2020 were used to evaluate and analyze the revitalization of central and western higher education.The study shows that:the revitalization of higher education in the central and western provinces all shows a fluctuating upward trend,and the later period performs better than the earlier period.The overall performance of southwest China is better than that of northwest China,but the central China shows the characteristic of“collapse”,mainly because the endogenous development speed is relatively slow,and the revitalization momentum does not match with the higher development starting point.The results of dimensional decomposition show that all provinces in central and western China have relative weaknesses.In terms of talent cultivation and talent gathering,most of the central provinces are“collapsing”,while the western provinces are seriously polarized.In terms of scientific research and innovation,about 1/3 of both central and western provinces need to make up for their shortcomings.In terms of economic linkage,the central provinces are not significantly out of order,while 1/3 of the western provinces are significantly out of order.Differentiated responses should be adopted for the endogenous development patterns of
作者
田浩然
蔡宗模
TIAN Haoran;CAI Zongmo(School of Education,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,China;Center for Western Higher Education,Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences,Chongqing 402160,China)
出处
《重庆高教研究》
北大核心
2023年第4期47-60,共14页
Chongqing Higher Education Research
基金
国家社会科学基金项目“西部高等教育全面振兴的内生力研究”(20BGL238)。
关键词
高等教育
中西部
内生力
振兴评价
指标体系
higher education
central and western China
endogenous power
revitalization evaluation
index system
