摘要
基于家庭压力脉动理论,本研究从外在社会经济发展探索家庭压力的变迁,从内在家庭结构变动分析导致家庭压力的风险因素。从外在脉动来看,相比2008年,2021年家庭各项压力水平均有所下降,且总体压力程度也在降低,但家庭压力聚焦于经济问题的本质并没有改变,仍然有较多家庭面临着中度与高度的压力。从内在脉动来看,家庭内成员数量越多,家庭压力风险越大;家庭角色分配中,以工作为中心和以家庭为中心都会导致家庭压力增高;扩展家庭中兄弟姐妹的数量和家庭外较多线上社会网络的数量并不能缓解家庭压力。倡导积极的家庭支持政策,提供针对中高压力家庭的有效服务,赋权家庭主动管理压力,加强家庭外社会网络质量的建设是未来社会工作服务的重要方向。
With the rapid development of the economy and society,the increase in social competition and uncertainty makes people face a lot of stress,which not only exists in personal life and work but also in the family system.Family stress refers to disturbances and irritations to the stable state of the family system,including the burdens and tensions for family members on a subjective level and threats to family stability on an objective level.The Contextual Model of Family Stress provides a comprehensive framework for researching family stress.According to this theory,family stress should not only focus on the linear process of its occurrence and response but also be considered in the external and internal context of the family.External context refers to the external environment and its changes beyond the family's control,which helps to grasp the changes and development of family stress.Internal context refers to the internal environment and its changes that can be controlled and changed,which serves the direction of intervention and practice.Therefore,based on the Contextual Model of Family Stress,this study examined the dynamic changes of family stress from the external context and explored the risk factors of family stress from the internal context.This study examined the dynamic changes in family stress from the external context using the data from the Chinese Social Survey in 2008,2019,and 2021.The results showed that the levels of all kinds of family stress and the overall degree of stress were lower in 2021 than in 2008.With the outbreak of COVID-19 in 2020,all kinds of family stress in 2021 still showed a slight decline.However,the essence of family stress focusing on economic problems has remained the same,and more families are still facing moderate and high stress.Further,this study investigated the risk factors of family stress from the internal context using the data from the Chinese Social Survey in 2021.The results showed that the more members in the family,the greater the risk of family stress.As for the
作者
赵芳
关秋洁
ZHAO Fang;GUAN Qiujie
出处
《社会工作》
CSSCI
2023年第3期13-25,101,共14页
Journal of Social Work
基金
教育部人文社会科学一般项目“童年期虐待经历与成年后婚姻关系:应对策略的中介作用及干预研究”(项目编号:22YJA840021)阶段性成果。
