摘要
目的分析陕北地区某小学人鼻病毒暴发疫情的流行病学特征,并提供科学防控依据。方法对2020年5月22日陕北地区某小学报告一起不明原因发热聚集性疫情进行现场流行病学调查;采集典型病例的鼻咽拭子,核酸检测排查新型冠状病毒和16种呼吸道病原体。结果累计报告病例37例,成年教师1例,学生36例,整体罹患率为1.75%,发病学生男女性别比3∶1,发病年龄主要集中6~12岁。病例主要集中在同一楼层一年级的3个班和二年级7班,一年级病例占病例总数的75.68%。病例所在班的罹患率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=49.29,P<0.01)。病例临床特征以发热(体温37.3~38.8℃)、咽痛、流涕、鼻塞和咳嗽为主,部分伴腹泻、呕吐等消化道症状。经实验室检测33份鼻咽拭子中14份鼻病毒阳性,阳性率为42.42%。结论本起聚集性疫情由鼻病毒感染所致,在呼吸道传染病高发期,陕北地区中小学应警惕鼻病毒暴发导致的聚集性不明原因发热。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of a Human rhinovirus outbreak in a primary school in northern Shaanxi,and to provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control.Methods On-site epidemiological investigation of an unexplained febrile aggregated outbreak reported in a primary school in northern Shaanxi on May 22,2020.Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from typical cases,and nucleic acid testing was performed to test for SARS COV 2,and 16 respiratory pathogens.Results A total of 37 cases were reported,including 1 adult teacher and 36 students,with the overall incidence rate of 1.75%,a male and female ratio of 3:1,and the incidence age mainly concentrated in 6 to 12 years old.The cases were mainly concentrated in 3 first-grade classes and 7 second-grade classes on the same floor,and the first grade cases accounted for 75.68%of the total number of cases.There was a statistically significant difference in the incidence rate of the cases in the classes(χ^(2)=49.29,P<0.01).The clinical features of the cases were mainly fever(body temperature between 37.3 and 38.8℃),sore throat,runny nose,nasal congestion and cough,and some of which were accompanied by diarrhea and vomiting,and other gastrointestinal symptoms.Of the 33 nasopharyngeal swabs detected by laboratory,14 were positive for Rhinovirus,and the positive rate was 42.42%.Conclusion This aggregated outbreak is caused by Rhinovirus infection.Primary and secondary schools in northern Shaanxi should be alert for aggregated unexplained fever due to Rhinovirus outbreaks during the epidemic season of respiratory infectious diseases.
作者
师欢
王东
郭东
王建美
樊芯艇
郑振兴
SHI Huan;WANG Dong;GUO Dong;WANG Jianmei;FAN Xinting;ZHENG Zhenxing(Yulin Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shaanxi 719000,China;不详)
出处
《医学动物防制》
2023年第5期448-450,455,共4页
Journal of Medical Pest Control
基金
榆林市食品安全和卫生应急市级重点实验室建设项目(榆政财教发[2018]152号)。
关键词
人鼻病毒
暴发
疫情
流行病学特征
调查
小学
分析
Human rhinovirus
Outbreak
Epidemic situation
Epidemiology characteristics
Investigation
Primary school
Analysis
