摘要
织构化可使零件或设备表面实现降低磨损、改变润湿性并提高抗反射性的效果,在医疗、机械、航空和海洋等领域展现出强大活力。为提升织构效果,表面织构技术引入仿生设计,通过在材料表面加工出类似生物表层的微/纳结构以达到特种表面需求。超快激光织构化是目前较为先进且重要的一种织构加工技术,针对超快激光制备仿生织构表面进行系统总结十分必要。对激光加工原理,以及制备耐磨性、润湿性、抗反射性三类特种表面的研究现状进行综述,简述三类织构表面的作用原理、仿生设计与优化。结果表明,超快激光可在材料表面制备出低热源损伤、高表面性能的精细仿生织构,通过仿生自然界中的生物表面结构,织构表面能够实现降低表面摩擦因数,获得超亲/疏水表面以及优异的抗反射性能。但超快激光无法准确烧蚀出所需织构尺寸结构,需要对激光加工进一步研究,将设计与加工紧密联系,构建超快激光织构化体系,实现未来超快激光织构化生产应用。
Ultrafast laser texturing is a new surface processing method that uses ultrashort pulse laser technologies such as picosecond and femtosecond lasers to prepare finer texture structures based on reducing heat source damage on the surface of materials.With the development and application of bionics,the surface structure features of animals and plants have been gradually applied to the surface of materials,and surface properties such as wear resistance,anticorrosion,defrosting,antireflection,and antifouling have been obtained.However,biomimetic textures are processed by long pulse lasers.The surface is significantly affected by heat,and the texture size cannot be refined.Therefore,ultrafast laser preparation of biomimetic textures has been adopted because it can realize refined design and processing of textures and greatly improve the reproduction accuracy of biomimetic textures.Moreover,it enhances the mechanical properties of the material surface and provides better surface quality.At present,biomimetic targets for the preparation of biomimetic textures using ultrafast lasers are gradually expanding from shark skins and lotus leaves to carapaces,moth eyes,feathers,and other biological structures with surface properties.The main texture types are micro-nano composites,array geometries,and random textures.Using ultrafast lasers,a series of biomimetic texture performance studies and optimizations have been performed to explore the ablation mechanisms of different materials.In this paper,the research progress of ultrafast laser biomimetic texture is reviewed in terms of the three properties of wear resistance,wetting,and antireflection,and the processing principle of ultrafast lasers is introduced.Ultrafast lasers enable energy deposition to occur at a solid density and ultrashort pulse width,change the interaction mechanism between the laser and matter,and effectively reduce thermal effects.The ablation thresholds of different materials are summarized in this paper.Through the study of biomimetic textures such as the
作者
李林祥
黄艳斐
邢志国
李志雄
王海斗
LI Linxiang;HUANG Yanfei;XING Zhiguo;LI Zhixiong;WANG Haidou(College of Engineering,Ocean of China University,Qingdao 266000,China;National Key Laboratory for Remanufacturing,Army Academy of Armored Forces,Beijing 100072,China;National Engineering Research Center for Remanufacturing,Army Academy of Armored Forces,Beijing 100072,China)
出处
《中国表面工程》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第3期1-21,共21页
China Surface Engineering
基金
清华大学摩擦学国家重点实验室开放基金(SKLTKF20B10)
国家自然科学基金(52105235,52130509)资助项目。
关键词
超快激光
仿生织构
耐磨
润湿
抗反射
ultrafast laser
biomimetic texture
abrasion resistance
wettability
anti-reflection
