摘要
【目的】分析8种黄色花植物花瓣的解剖结构、色素含量和有色体分布情况,探寻黄色花花瓣的呈色规律,为黄花观赏植物花色的呈色机理研究提供理论依据。【方法】利用光学显微镜观察8种黄色花植物花瓣的表皮细胞、栅栏组织及其色素分布情况,分析表皮细胞形态特征及有色体分布特征;利用分光光度计测定花瓣中的类黄酮和类胡萝卜素含量,分析主要呈色色素的分布规律,探究黄色花花瓣的呈色机理。【结果】在8种黄色花植物花瓣细胞中,除黄槿和黄花菜外,其余6种植物花瓣中均观察到有色体分布。花瓣中的花色素和有色体主要分布在上、下表皮和栅栏组织,有色体的形状多为球状和结晶状。花瓣表皮细胞的形状表现为不规则形和多边形(包括长多边形),垂周壁样式有浅波形、深波形、平直形或弓形;上表皮细胞大多呈不规则凸起,下表皮细胞凸起幅度小。崇左金花茶、黄槐、黄花夹竹桃、蟛蜞菊和黄蝉的类胡萝卜素含量较高,而黄槿、黄花菜和黄花美人蕉的类胡萝卜素含量相对较低。其中,黄花夹竹桃的类胡萝卜素含量最高,且显著高于黄槿、黄花菜和黄花美人蕉(P<0.05,下同),黄槿的类胡萝卜素含量最低,且显著低于黄花夹竹桃、崇左金花茶、黄槐、蟛蜞菊和黄蝉;黄槐的类黄酮含量最高,且显著高于黄花菜、黄蝉、黄花夹竹桃、黄花美人蕉和黄槿;而黄蝉和黄花菜的类黄酮含量较低,显著低于崇左金花茶、黄槐、黄花夹竹桃、蟛蜞菊和黄槿。【结论】黄色花植物花瓣中色素种类、有色体的分布及花瓣表皮细胞的形态特征均影响其花色形成和呈色。其中,类胡萝卜素和类黄酮含量越高,有色体在花瓣表皮细胞中的分布越集中,花瓣颜色就越深,呈色效果就越明显。因此,在开展黄色花呈色机理研究过程中需着重分析色素种类、含量及有色体分布和表皮细
【Objective】The present paper aimed to explore the pigmenting regularity of yellow flower petals, and provide a theoretical basis for the research on the color rendering mechanism of yellow flower ornamental plants by analyzing the anatomical structure, chromoplast distribution and pigment content of petals of 8 yellow flower plants species.【Method】The epidermal cells, palisade tissue and pigment distribution of the petals of 8 species of yellow flower plants were observed by light microscope, and the morphological characteristics of epidermal cells and the chromoplast distribution characteristics were analyzed. The contents of flavonoid pigments and carotenoids in the petals were determined by spectrophotometer, and the main colored pigments were analyzed to explore the color mechanism of yellow flower petals.【Result】Among the 8 species of yellow flower plants petal cells, chromoplast was observed in the other six species except for Hibiscus tiliaceus and Hemerocallis citrina. The flower pigments and chromoplast were mainly distributed in the upper and lower epidermis and palisade tissue, and most of the chromoplasts were spherical and crystalline. The shape of petal epidermal cells was irregular and polygonal(including long polygon),and the anticlinal wall pattern had shallow waveform, deep waveform, straight or arcuate. Most of the upper epidermal cells showed irregular bulges, while the lower epidermal cells showed small bulges. The carotenoids contents were high in Camellia nitidissima,Cassia surattensis,Thevetia peruviana,Wedelia chinensis and Allemanda neriifolia,however, the carotenoids contents were low in H. tiliaceus,H. citrina and C. indica var. flava. The carotenoid content in T. peruviana was the highest and was significantly higher than H. tiliaceus,H. citrina and C. indica var. flava(P0.05,the same as below),the carotenoid content in H. tiliaceus was the lowest and was significantly lower than T. peruviana,C. nitidissima,C. surattensis,W. chinensis and A. neriifolia.The flavonoid were h
作者
叶晓霞
周兴文
刘雪琴
刘欣
符慧文
吴有栋
赵仕花
YE Xiao-xia;ZHOU Xing-wen;LIU Xue-qin;LIU Xin;FU Hui-wen;WU You-dong;ZHAO Shi-hua(Bioengineering&Technology Center for Native Medicinal Resources Development,Yulin Normal University,Yulin,Guangxi 537000,China;Fujian University of Technology,Fuzhou 350000,China;Yulin Normal University,Yulin,Guangxi 537000,China)
出处
《西南农业学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第5期1039-1045,共7页
Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31860228,31360197)
广西自然科学基金项目(2018GXNSFDA281007,2020GXNSFAA259037)。
关键词
黄花植物
花瓣
解剖结构
呈色规律
有色体
Yellow flower plants
Petal
Anatomical structure
Pigmenting regularity
Chromoplast
