摘要
最小必要原则实践上的审查结构不完整,学理上的审查内涵有争议,其完整的审查框架尚不明确。为保障《个人信息保护法》等相关法的实施效果,应清楚最小必要原则的完整审查框架。基于现行规范的释义,最小必要原则属于比例原则在个人信息处理中的体现;基于欧盟法上最小化原则的追溯,必要性审查与比例性审查对个人数据的处理作了全面、精细的考察,具备坚实的欧盟法实施基础,亦契合中国的实定法依据,有较强的借鉴价值。按比例原则“全位阶”的操作架构,吸收必要性审查与比例性审查,最小必要原则即形成完整的审查框架,且在比例原则“目的—手段”关系下,最小必要原则可展开规范审查,其规范的步骤包括“事实描述”“目的正当性考察”“手段有效性、‘最小’损害性及比例性考察”三大环节。而告知—同意原则可确定最小必要原则的适用与收缩空间。
The review structure of the principle of minimum and necessity is incomplete in practice,the content of the review in academic theory is controversial,and the complete review framework is not clear.In order to ensure the effectiveness of the implementation of relevant laws such as Personal Information Protection Law,the complete review framework of the minimum and necessary principle should be clarified.Based on the interpretation of the current norms,the principle of minimum and necessity belongs to the embodiment of the principle of proportionality in the processing of personal information;based on the retrospection of the principle of minimization in EU law,the necessity review and proportionality review have made a comprehensive and detailed inspection of the processing of personal data.It has a solid implementation foundation,conforms to the norms of China’s positive law,and has a strong reference value.According to the“full rank”operating structure of the proportionality principle,the necessity review and proportionality review are absorbed,and the minimum and necessary principle forms a complete review framework,and under the“end-means”relationship in the proportional principle,the minimum and necessary principle can be used to carry out normative review.Its normative steps include three major aspects:“fact description”,“examination of the legitimacy of the purpose”,and“inspection of the effectiveness,‘minimum’damage and proportionality of the means”.In particular,the principle of informed-consent can determine the application and shrinkage of the minimum and necessary principle.
作者
金龙君
翟翌
JIN Longjun;ZHAI Yi(School of Law,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400044,China)
出处
《北京理工大学学报（社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2023年第4期140-150,共11页
Journal of Beijing Institute of Technology：Social Sciences Edition
基金
国家社会科学基金青年项目“行政特许基础理论研究”(18CFX023)
重庆市社会科学规划项目(2021YBCS40)
重庆市社会科学规划英才项目(2022YC073)
中央高校基本科研业务费原创性基础理论项目(2021CDJSKJC32)。
关键词
最小必要原则
个人信息处理
比例原则
必要性审查
比例性审查
告知—同意原则
the principle of minimum and necessity
personal data processing
principle of proportionality
necessity review
proportionality review
the principle of informed consent
