摘要
目的分析常态化防控阶段新型冠状病毒感染聚集性疫情特征,为进一步做好防控工作提供参考。方法收集2020年5月8日—2022年5月7日全国新型冠状病毒感染聚集性疫情资料,分析疫情起止时间、波及人群、规模、发现方式、指示病例的特征、发生原因、基因型等。采用描述性流行病学方法分析聚集性疫情特征。使用二分类非条件logistic回归分析疫情规模影响因素。结果共151起聚集性疫情纳入研究,单起疫情感染者中位数M(P_(25),P_(75))为103.00(29.00,419.00)例,≥100例的疫情78起,其中14起感染者数超过1000例。疫情持续时间为15.00(10.00,23.00)d。疫情最主要的发现方式为重点人群筛查(59起)和发热门诊主动就诊(49起)。境外输入为疫情主要来源(65起)。151起疫情中,未公布基因型信息17起;武汉株类似株引起的疫情10起,Alpha B.1.1.7变异株2起,武汉株类似株和Alpha B.1.1.7引起的疫情中感染者为29.50(8.50,274.50)例,确诊病例占74.66%(2551/3417);Delta B.1.617.2变异株32起,感染者为89.50(20.50,389.00)例,确诊病例占比为96.76%(7641/7897);Omicron变异株90起,感染者为151.00(37.75,487.00)例,无症状感染者占比高(85.28%,606756/711447)。≥100例的疫情在大规模核酸筛查中发现新感染者的概率是<100例组的6.17倍(95%CI:1.65~23.08)。结论Omicron变异株引起的疫情规模均较大,单起疫情中感染者人数多,持续天数范围广,无症状感染者占比高。在常态化防控阶段应实时追踪全球变异株变化趋势,持续做好入境人员和冷链食品工作人员管理,建立多点触发监测预警机制,及早发现疫情,采取针对性的防控措施。
Objective To analyze the characteristics of COVID-19 clusters in the regular prevention and control stage in China,so as to provide evidence for further prevention and control.Methods The data of COVID-19 clusters between May 8,2020 and May 7,2022 in China were collected.The information of the beginning and end of the clusters,the affected population,the scale,the method of detection,the characteristics of index cases,the cause of occurrence,and the genotype were analyzed.Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the general characteristics of the clusters.Unconditional logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of epidemic scale.Results A total of 151 clusters were included in this study,with median(P_(25),P_(75))number of infection cases being 103.00(29.00,419.00).There were 78 clusters with 100 or more cases,14 of which had more than 1000 cases.The median epidemic duration was 15.00(10.00,23.00)d.The main detection methods were screening key populations(59 clusters)and voluntary visits to fever clinics(49 clusters).Imported COVID-19 cases were the main source(65 clusters).Among the 151 clusters,17 clusters had unknown genotype,10 clusters were caused by similar strains of Wuhan strain,and 2 clusters were caused by Alpha B.1.1.7 variant.The median number of infected persons in the clusters caused by similar strains of Wuhan strain and Alpha B.1.1.7 variant was 29.50(8.50,274.50),and the proportion of confirmed cases was 74.66%(2551/3417).32 clusters were caused by Delta B.1.617.2 variant,with the median number of infected persons being 89.50(20.50,389.00)and the proportion of confirmed cases being 96.76%(7641/7897).90 clusters were caused by Omicron variant,with the median number of infected persons being 151.00(37.75,487.00),most of whom were asymptomatic cases(85.28%,606756/711447).Compared with the clusters with less than 100 cases,the probability of detecting new infections in mass nucleic acid screening in cluster with 100 or more cases was 6.17(95%CI:1.65,23.08)times hi
作者
田祎
杜丹
谭梦迪
李函凝
李舒婷
赵珏琼
高志勇
贾蕾
杨鹏
王全意
庞星火
TIAN Yi;DU Dan;TAN Mengdi;LIHanning;LI Shuting;ZHAO Jueqiong;GAO Zhiyong;JIA Lei;YANG Peng;WANG Quanyi;PANG Xinghuo(Institute for Infectious Disease and Endemic Disease Prevention and Control,Beijing Center for Disease Control and Prevention/Beijing Research Center for Preventive Medicine,Beijing 100013,China)
出处
《中国预防医学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第4期312-318,共7页
Chinese Preventive Medicine
基金
北京市科技计划课题(Z211100002521019)
首都卫生发展科研专项项目(首发2022-IG-3014)
科技创新2030-重大项目(2021ZD0114103)
高层次公共卫生技术人才建设项目培养计划(学术骨干-02-014)。
关键词
常态化防控
新型冠状病毒感染
聚集性疫情
流行特征
Regular prevention and control
COVID-19
Clusters
Epidemiological characteristics
