摘要
地方政府作为政策创新的重要主体,其在实践中形成的政策创新各具特色,然而学界对地方政策创新差异的解释呈现为碎片化的图景。论文通过对重庆T区和D区互助养老政策创新进行案例比较研究,在理论与经验互构中提炼出地方政策创新差异的整合性解释框架。框架包含由政策创新空间、政策创新属性、政策创新行动者、政策创新目标等要素互动作用形成的四重机制。一是空间约束机制。上级政策规范的过程约束和绩效考核的结果约束共同决定政策创新空间约束强度,影响行动者自主决定政策创新方式及内容的自由,对其他要素均产生约束作用。二是属性影响机制。政策创新的风险性影响行动者的创新意愿,兼容性影响行动者的政策衔接选择,而这些潜在性影响受到政策创新空间的调节作用。三是能动创新机制。行动者在空间约束和属性影响之下,结合自身认知偏好,能动生成理性的政策创新目标。四是目标牵引机制。在创新目标的规范性指引下,行动者进一步将目标解释、具象化为政策创新内容。四重机制共同作用,最终形成地方政策创新差异。研究有助于系统透视地方政策创新差异形成的复杂机理,弥合政策创新研究的碎片化格局。
As an important subject of policy innovation,local governments have developed their own distinctive policy innovations.However,the interpretation of local policy innovation differences in academia presents a fragmented picture.Through a comparative case study of mutual-aid aged care policy innovation in Chongqing's T and D districts,an integrated framework to explain local policy innovation differences was extracted from the mutual construction of theory and experience.The framework contains a four-fold mechanism formed by the interaction of policy innovation space,policy innovation attributes,policy innovation goals,and actors.One is the spatial constraint mechanism.The process constraint of higher-level policy norms and the resulting constraint of performance assessment jointly determine the intensity of policy innovation space constraint,which affects the freedom of actors to decide on their own how and what to innovate in policy and has a constraining effect on the other three mechanisms.The second is the attribution influence mechanism.The risk of policy innovation affects the willingness of actors to innovate,and compatibility affects their policy convergence choices.These potential impacts are moderated by the policy innovation space.The third is the dynamic innovation mechanism.Actors can dynamically generate rational policy innovation goals through the influence of spatial constraints and attributes,combined with their own cognitive preferences.The fourth is the goal traction mechanism.Under the normative guidance of innovation goals,actors further interpret and concretize the goals into policy innovation contents.The four mechanisms work together to finally form local policy innovation differences.The study contributes to a systematic perspective on the complex mechanisms underlying the formation of local policy innovation differences and bridges the fragmented pattern of policy innovation research.
作者
王辉
陈筱媛
Hui Wang;Xiaoyuan Chen
出处
《公共行政评论》
北大核心
2023年第3期60-81,196,197,共24页
Journal of Public Administration
基金
国家社科基金后期资助项目“农村老年组织的连带福利机制研究”(22FSHB021)。
关键词
政策创新差异
整合性解释框架
政策创新空间
政策创新行动者
农村互助养老
Policy Innovation Differences
Integrative Explanatory Framework
Policy Innovation Space
Actors
Rural Mutual-aid Aged Care
