摘要
针对复杂空间固废热熔压缩安全稳定成型问题,开展典型空间固废热熔压缩成型试验,研究温度、含水率以及塑料占比对复杂固废热熔压缩的成型特性以及气体释放规律的影响。结果表明:混合空间固废热熔压缩率与压缩荷载符合指数函数关系,在温度为150~180℃、压缩力为0~4 MPa时,随着温度升高,提高压缩力,固废压缩块的压缩率逐渐升高;当固废含水率为10%~40%、塑料占比为5%~30%时,压缩块的压缩率随着含水率的增加呈先上升后下降趋势,且提高塑料占比,有利于热熔压缩块稳定成型。温度对混合固废热熔压缩过程释放的气体组成影响最大,随着温度升高,气体产物中醇类及酮类物质显著增加。空间固废热熔压缩成型最佳参数为温度180℃、含水率20%、塑料占比30%,此条件下空间固废减容率可达81%,且能实现稳定安全存储。
To solve the safe and stable forming problem in hot melt compaction of the complex space solid wastes,hot melt compaction forming experiments on typical space solid wastes were carried out to study the influence of temperature,water content and plastic ratio on the forming characteristics and gas release law of complex solid wastes during hot melt compaction.The results showed that the hot melt compaction ratio of the mixed space solid wastes was in line with the exponential function relationship with the compaction load.When the temperature was 150~180℃,the compaction load was 0~4 MPa.With the increase of the temperature and the compaction load,the compaction ratio of solid waste block increased gradually.When the water content of the solid waste was 10%~40%and the proportion of plastic was 5%~30%,the compaction ratio of the solid waste block increased first and then decreased with the increase of the water content,and the increase of the proportion of plastic was conducive to the stable forming of the hot melt compaction block.The temperature had the greatest influence on the gas composition released in the process of hot melt compaction of the mixed solid waste.With the increase of temperature,alcohols and ketones in the gas products increased significantly.The optimal parameters of space solid waste hot melt compaction molding were temperature 180℃,moisture content 20%and plastic proportion 30%.Under these conditions,the volume reduction rate of space solid waste could reach 81%,and stable and safe storage could be achieved.
作者
蒋慧
刘相
田科
周抗寒
张俊丰
吴志强
JIANG Hui;LIU Xiang;TIAN Ke;ZHOU Kanghan;ZHANG Junfeng;WU Zhiqiang(Department of Environmental Science and Engineering,Xiangtan University,Xiangtan 411105,China;National Key Laboratory of Human Factors Engineering,China Astronaut Research and Training Center,Beijing 100094,China)
出处
《载人航天》
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第3期317-323,共7页
Manned Spaceflight
基金
人系统环境控制与生命保障系统试验平台研制(GJSD18001)。
关键词
空间固废
热熔处理
压缩成型
回弹
space solid waste
heat melt treatment
compression forming
spring back
