摘要
获取空间固废处理过程的废水、废气产生规律是废水净化、废气处理的前提条件。针对载人航天中典型的固体废物,包括食品残渣、舱内工作服和个人用品,开展热熔实验。使用总碳分析仪、离子色谱仪、气相色谱-质谱联用仪等仪器,对不同处理温度和处理时间条件下,废物热熔产生的废水、废气开展研究。结果表明:120~170 ℃时,水回收率随着温度升高而升高;当温度大于150℃时,可以实现85%以上的水回收率。固废热熔产生的废水中TOC含量在120~12031 mg/L,且TOC浓度随温度升高而缓慢增加;固废热熔产生的有机挥发气体随固废种类、温度和时间有显著差别。食品类固废释放的气体污染物种类最多,其次为服装类和个人用品类。随温度升高,固废热熔产生的有机挥发气体相对含量逐渐增加。
Obtaining the law of water and gas generation in the solid waste treatment process is a prerequisite for water purification and gas treatment in space.Targeting the typical solid wastes during manned spaceflight missions such as the food residues,the cabin working clothes and the personal items,the heat melt experiments were conducted.Total carbon analyzer,ion chromatograph,gas chromatography-mass spectrometer and other instrument methods were used in this study to deal with different treatments.The water and gas generated by the thermal melting of waste under different temperatures and treatment times were studied.The results showed that the water recovery rate increased with the temperature within the range of 120~170 ℃.Over 85% water recovery rate could be achieved when the temperature was higher than 150 ℃.The TOC content in the water ranged from 120 to 12031 mg/L and it increased slowly with the increase of the temperature.The volatile organic gases produced by heat melting process varied significantly with the types of the solid waste,the experimental temperatures and the treatment times.Typically,food residues produced much more gases,while the food packages and personal items produced less.With the increase of the temperature,the relative content of organic volatile gas increased for all the waste types under heat melt treatment.
作者
李旋子
刘相
黄妍
吴志强
田科
周抗寒
张俊丰
LI Xuanzi;LIU Xiang;HUANG Yan;WU Zhiqiang;TIAN Ke;ZHOU Kanghan;ZHANG Junfeng(Department of Environmental Science and Engineering,Xiangtan University,Xiangtan 411105,China;National Key Laboratory of Human Factors Engineering,China Astronaut Research and Training Center,Beijing 100094,China)
出处
《载人航天》
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第1期30-39,共10页
Manned Spaceflight
基金
人因工程国防科技重点实验室基金(GJSD18001)。
