摘要
【目的】城市街道中人群活动密集,其空气质量问题值得关注。为解决街道峡谷内颗粒污染物难以扩散的问题,探究垂直绿化净化街道峡谷空气的能力和策略。【方法】以垂直绿化的滞尘效应为研究对象,通过现场调研与实测、正交实验结合计算机软件数值模拟等方法,定量探讨垂直绿化在街道峡谷形态、相对风向、布局方式等多种因素共同作用下的滞尘效应,并比较各因素的影响强弱。【结果】1)街道峡谷宽度、布局方式与水平向布置密度对垂直绿化滞尘效应影响最强。2)垂直绿化更适宜布置在道路较窄的城市支路以及迎风时长较多的建筑立面。【结论】得出滞尘效应最优的因素水平组合,总结出垂直绿化滞尘效应最佳的设计策略与滞尘能力模型,并评估垂直绿化在武汉市的滞尘潜力,为垂直绿化在街道峡谷中的应用提供理论依据。
[Objective]In recent years,air pollution problems caused by particulate matter have attracted wide attention.Urban streets are easy to accumulate particulate matter from automobile exhaust.The“canyon”shape formed by the street and buildings on both sides can prevent the diffusion of pollutants.Vertical greening can well retain fine particles and is suitable for dust retention in street canyons,which is expected to be an effective method to improve air quality.This research evaluates,analyzes and compares the influence of relevant factors on the dust retention capacity of vertical greening in urban street canyons.[Methods]This research implements a field investigation and measurement of vertical greening facilities in Wuhan City to find out the influence of environmental factors on pollutant concentration and verify the reliability of numerical simulation results.Based on an innovative combination of a number of simulations,the research explores the overall influence of six different factors:street canyon height,street canyon width,relative wind direction,leaf area density(LAD),horizontal density of vertical greening,and layout form of vertical greening.The research selects the dust retention amount at both the windward and leeward sides of vertical greening as the experimental index,and summarizes the morphological characteristics of street canyons and wind directions.Altogether 18 experimental conditions are determined by the orthogonal experimental design.The research adopts Navier-Stokes equations to solve the wind field of the ENVI-met model adopted,whose resolution ranges from 0.5 m to 10 m.Selecting the data of typical summer meteorological days in Wuhan as research data,the research assumes that the inhalable particulate matters are emitted from continuous linear sources where the emission height of automobile exhaust is 0.3 m,and distributed bidirectionally in the middle of street canyons.Additionally,the research has the PM10 emission factor of small passenger cars assumed as 0.72 and the emission ra
作者
陈秋瑜
冷珺妍
刘小虎
CHEN Qiuyu;LENG Junyan;LIU Xiaohu(School of Architecture and Urban Planning,Huazhong University of Science and Technology)
出处
《风景园林》
2023年第6期114-120,共7页
Landscape Architecture
基金
国家自然科学基金“建筑活墙能效评估模型的理论建构与实测验证”(编号51708232)
湖北省长江生态保护基金会“垂直绿化对城市街道峡谷的空气净化作用研究”(编号CCF-HZKJ-XMHT-202009-001)。
