摘要
目的 应用结构方程模型分析60~74岁人群体育锻炼行为的影响因素,为促进老年人体育锻炼和健康管理提供依据。方法 采用面对面问卷调查甘肃省某区60~74岁有自主活动能力的老年人,收集一般社会人口学特征、社区健康监测、健身环境及设施配置、基层卫生服务、家庭邻里支持、日常健康体检、体育锻炼行为等相关资料,通过探索性因子分析、结构方程模型的构建,分析影响老年人体育锻炼行为的主要潜在因素和作用路径。结果 1 134人调查对象中,每周体育锻炼≥3次者332人(29.28%),锻炼方式多样化程度较高(≥3种)者40人(3.53%)。社会经济地位、社区健康支持环境、人际关系支持、基本健康监测是老年人体育锻炼行为的影响因素,总效应分别为0.539、0.354、0.255、0.129,直接效应分别为0.381、0.354、0.255、0.129;社会经济地位通过社区健康支持环境、人际关系支持、基本健康监测对老年人体育锻炼行为产生总的间接效应为0.158 (29.31%);中介效应最强的是人际关系支持。结论 社会经济地位对老年人体育锻炼行为的直接效应最强,通过社区健康支持环境、人际关系支持、基本健康监测间接地对老年人体育锻炼行为有一定影响,其中人际关系支持的中介作用最突出。
Objective To analyze the influencing factors of physical exercise behaviors among the elderly aged 60-74 years using structural equation modeling,so as to provide evidence for promoting physical exercise and health management in the elderly population.Methods A face-to-face questionnaire survey was conducted to collect information about the general socio-demographic characteristics,community health monitoring,physical exercise environment and facility allocation,primary health service,family and neighborhood support,daily physical check-up,and physical exercise behaviors among people of 60-74 years age who were capable of daily activities in a district in Gansu province.Exploratory factor analysis and structural equation modeling were used to investigate the main latent factors of the physical exercise behaviors of the elderly and their function pathways.Results Among the 1134 respondents to the survey,332(29.28%)reported three or more times of physical exercise a week,and 40(3.53%)reported diverse types of exercise(three or more types).Socioeconomic status,community health support environment,interpersonal support,and basic health monitoring were the influencing factors of physical exercise behaviors of the elderly,with standardized total effects of 0.539,0.354,0.255,and 0.129,respectively,and standardized direct effects of 0.381,0.354,0.255,and 0.129,respectively.The total standardized indirect effect of socioeconomic status on physical exercise behavior of old adults through community health support environment,interpersonal support,and basic health monitoring was 0.158(29.31%),with interpersonal support showing the strongest mediating effect.Conclusions Socioeconomic status may exert the strongest direct effect on old adults’physical exercise behaviors.It may also indirectly affect the elderly people’s physical exercise behaviors through community health support environment,interpersonal support,and basic health monitoring,among which interpersonal support may be the most significant effect mediator.
作者
周娜娜
王金金
张森乔
王芳
郑小燕
周永兵
戚玉佩
裴泓波
ZHOU Nana;WANG Jinjin;ZHANG Senqiao;WANG Fang;ZHENG Xiaoyan;ZHOU Yongbing;QI Yupei;PEI Hongbo(Institute of Epidemiology and Health Statistics,School of Public Health,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou,Gansu 730000,China;不详)
出处
《中国预防医学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第3期243-248,共6页
Chinese Preventive Medicine
基金
教育部人文社会科学研究基金资助项目(21YJAZH064)。
关键词
体育锻炼
老年人
结构方程模型
Physical exercise
The elderly
Structural equation modeling
