摘要
运动可以预防、控制和治疗疾病,但由于伦理和人体实验的制约,使用动物运动模型成为研究运动干预疾病的首选。目前,运动对人体健康促进的研究存在一个难点:如何建立动物模拟人类运动的可靠模型。有效和可靠的动物运动模型对于深入研究运动在预防和治疗疾病中的细胞和分子机制至关重要。现有研究已经开发了多种动物运动模型模拟人类的身体活动,例如跑台、游泳、自愿转轮、举重、爬梯、电刺激等运动模型。研究发现,不同运动形式以及不同的联合运动形式对实验产生的结果可能也不一致(如自愿转轮运动对神经系统疾病的恢复要优于其他运动形式),对此应根据已有的研究或设计实验对照组来选择最佳的运动形式。在未来的研究中,跑台和举重等运动模型应向自愿性运动模式的目标不断改进,游泳、自愿转轮和爬梯等运动模型应向易于控制和量化运动参数的目标不断优化,最终为运动促进健康研究提供稳定和可靠的实验结果。
Exercise can prevent,control and treat diseases,but due to ethical and human experimental constraints,the use of animal exercise models has become the first choice for the study of exercise intervention diseases.At present,there is a difficulty in the study of exercise on human health promotion:How to establish a reliable model that can simulate human exercise in animals.Effective and reliable animal exercise models are essential for in-depth studies of the cellular and molecular mechanisms of exercise in the prevention and treatment of diseases.A variety of animal movement models have been developed to simulate human body activities,such as treadmill,swimming,voluntary wheel,weightlifting,stair climbing,electrical stimulation and other movement models.Studies have found that different forms of exercise and different forms of combined exercise may also produce inconsistent results on the experiment(for example,voluntary wheel exercise is superior to other forms of exercise in the recovery of neurological diseases),and researchers should select the best form of exercise based on existing studies or design experimental control groups.In future studies,motion models such as treadmill and weight lifting should be continuously improved towards the goal of voluntary movement patterns,and motion models such as swimming,voluntary wheel and stair climbing should be continuously optimized towards the goal of easy control and quantification of movement parameters,and finally provide stable and reliable experimental results for exercise health promotion research.
作者
李瑞
董毅
LI Rui;DONG Yi(Key Laboratory of Adolescent Health Assessment and Exercise Intervention of Ministry of Education,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200241,China;School of Physical Education and Health Care,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200241,China.)
出处
《中国体育科技》
北大核心
2023年第5期60-68,共9页
China Sport Science and Technology
基金
上海市体育科技项目(21C009)
国家自然科学基金项目(81371466)
科技创新2030重大项目(2021ZD0203501)
上海市自然科学基金项目(20ZR1448400)。
关键词
运动
动物
运动模型
exercise
animal
exercise models
