摘要
刑法主观主义通常对应刑法行为人主义,刑法客观主义对应刑法行为主义,二者的争论在西方刑法学说史上的地位举足轻重。我国大多数学者会选择行为主义的立场,对行为人主义存在明显忽视,刑法行为人主义也曾成为众矢之的。但是,行为人主义其实不乏具有诸多可以借鉴之处,它在我国日益繁荣的刑法学研究中不应该被淡忘,对此有必要重提行为人主义,以充分发挥行为人主义的理论与实践价值。行为人主义贯穿刑法始终,其至少应分别从刑法观、犯罪论与刑罚论三个层次逐一进行分析。近些年来的刑法修正案也涉及到诸多的行为人主义思想内容,像预防刑法、犯罪人处遇方式的发展、犯罪圈的扩张范围等。在理论上,应当主动运用行为人主义的视角与内容,去合理解释这些现实问题,对于不合理的地方也应当结合行为主义及时进行合理的刑罚限缩。在行为主义占据绝对优势地位的情形下,重提行为人主义,既是对未来刑法学发展的合理预见,也是对当下刑法的范围保持清醒认知。
The debate between criminal law subjectivism,which usually corresponds to criminal law actorism,and criminal law objectivism,which corresponds to criminal law behaviorism,has been of significant importance in the history of Western criminal law,while most scholars in China would choose the position of behaviorism,and there is a clear ignorance of actorism,and criminal law actorism has also become a target of the public.However,there is much to learn from actorism,which should not be forgotten in China’s increasingly prosperous study of criminal law.It is necessary to revisit actorism to give full play to its theoretical and practical value.It should be analyzed at least at three levels:criminal law perspectives,crime theory,and punishment theory,respectively.The recent amendments to criminal law have also involved many elements of the idea of actorism,such as preventive criminal law,the development of the treatment of offenders,and the expansion of the scope of the crime circle.Theoretically,we should take the initiative to use the perspective and content of actorism to reasonably explain these real-life problems and to reasonably restrict the punishment for unreasonable areas in conjunction with actorism promptly.With the absolute dominance of behaviorism,the reintroduction of actorism is both a reasonable foresight of the future development of criminal law and a sober awareness of the scope of criminal law at present.
作者
郭泽强
GUO Zeqiang(Zhongnan University of Economic and Law,Wuhan 430070,China)
出处
《现代法学》
北大核心
2023年第3期170-184,共15页
Modern Law Science
基金
国家社会科学基金一般项目“总体国家安全观视阈下数据安全的刑事司法保护研究”(22BFX063)。
关键词
行为人主义
行为主义
学派之争
刑法观
刑事立法
actorism
behaviorism
the school of thought debate
criminal law perspectives
criminal legislation
