摘要
巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果是十四五时期的重要任务,提升农户生计可持续性是防止返贫和实现脱贫地区高质量发展的关键,在生计可持续性视角下系统评估精准扶贫政策效应,可为此提供重要依据。论文构建涵盖生计资本、生计环境和代际发展能力3个维度的扶贫政策效应评估框架,以武陵山区石柱县为案例区,采用双重差分法(DID)和倾向得分匹配法量化了精准扶贫对农户生计可持续性的影响,并讨论了其分异性。研究表明:(1)精准扶贫使农户生计可持续性水平整体提升了20.5%,农户生计资本、生计环境和代际发展能力分别提升21.3%、23.9%、15.8%,农户生计环境改善更突出,而代际发展能力具有一定时滞性。(2)精准扶贫对生计要素禀赋较好的兼业型农户带动效应更大且显著,其次是务农主导型和务工主导型脱贫户,而以“输血式”帮扶为主的补贴依赖型农户则被边缘化,加剧了群体间生计可持续性分化。(3)精准扶贫政策效应空间分异性明显。相比经济基础条件较好的王场镇和黄水镇,精准扶贫对具有区位优势的龙沙镇、贫困程度较深的中益乡的带动效应更大且显著。(4)围绕强化对山区教育与技术投入、对偏远地区资源倾斜以及引导贫困边缘群体治理等方面提出巩固脱贫攻坚成果的对策。研究可为提升巩固脱贫攻坚成果政策的匹配性和精准性提供科学依据,有助于深化中国反贫困理论认识。
Consolidating and expanding the achievements of poverty alleviation is an important task during the 14th Five-Year Plan period.Improving the livelihood sustainability of farming households is the key to prevent the return to poverty and achieve high-quality development in poverty alleviation areas.From the perspective of livelihood sustainability,a systematic evaluation of the effects of the targeted poverty alleviation(TPA)policy provides an important basis for achieving these goals.In this study,an evaluation framework was constructed from the dimensions of livelihood capital,livelihood environment,and intergenerational development capacity.Taking Shizhu County in the Wuling Mountains as the study area,this research used the difference-in-differences(DID)and propensity score matching(PSM)-DID methods to quantify the effects of the TPA policy and discussed the differentiation of policy effects.The findings are:1)The TPA policy improved the livelihood sustainability level of farming households by 20.5%,and improved the livelihood capital,livelihood environment,and intergenerational development capacity by 21.3%,23.9%and 15.8%,respectively.The improvement of livelihood environment was more prominent,while the improvement of intergenerational development capacity was relatively weak.2)The TPA policy had a greater and significant effect on farming households with multiple livelihood strategies,followed by agriculture-oriented households and off-farm employment-oriented households,while subsidy-dependent households with"blood transfusion"assistance were marginalized.The TPA policy aggravated the differentiation of livelihood sustainability among groups.3)The effect of the TPA policy showed spatial specificity.Compared with Wangchang Town and Huangshui Town that had better basic economic conditions,TPA had a higher and more significant impact on Longsha Town that has locational advantages and Zhongyi Town that was at a deeper poverty level.4)Countermeasures and recommendations were put forward to consolidate the achie
作者
刘倩
雷洋洋
喻忠磊
唐红林
叶文丽
杨新军
LIU Qian;LEI Yangyang;YU Zhonglei;TANG Honglin;YE Wenli;YANG Xinjun(Key Laboratory of Surface Process and Environment Remote Sensing in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area,Chongqing Normal University,Chongqing 401331,China;Key Research Institute of Yellow River Civilization and Sustainable Development,Collaborative Innovation Center on Yellow River Civilization Jointly Built by Henan Province and Ministry of Education,Henan University,Kaifeng 475001,Henan,China;Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity,Xi'an 710127,China)
出处
《地理科学进展》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第4期670-686,共17页
Progress in Geography
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41901206)
教育部人文社科青年项目(19YJCZH006)
重庆教委科技项目(KJQN202000524)
重庆市教委人文社科项目(22SKGH104)。
关键词
精准扶贫
生计可持续性
政策效应
DID
武陵山区
targeted poverty alleviation
sustainable livelihoods
policy effect
DID
Wuling Mountains concentrated poverty area
