摘要
为探索大豆产量和品质的理想株型,为大豆高产优质育种提供理论依据和种质资源,选用大豆杂交组合晋旱125×昔野501及其杂交后代共76个材料,对12个农艺性状、3个品质性状进行测定,运用SPSS软件,通过变异分析、相关分析、主成分分析、多元线性回归分析、聚类分析等方法归纳出适合山西生态区的高产优质理想株型。结果表明,杂交后代遗传基础丰富;单株产量与农艺性状及品质性状的相关系数绝对值从大到小依次为:单株质量、单株荚数、单株粒数、虫蚀数、主茎荚数、有效分枝数、主茎节数、分枝数、百粒质量、脂肪含量、底荚高度、蛋白质含量、株高、水分含量;得到有效分枝数(X1)、主茎荚数(X2)、虫蚀数(X3)与单株产量(Y)的回归方程为Y=-73.747+8.654X1+1.391X2+1.102X3;前5个主成分特征值的累计贡献率为78.17%。聚类结果可分为4类:第1类有30个品系,包括品系1、5、7、16、17等;第2类有34个品系,包括品系2、3、6、8、9等;第3类有10个品系,包括品系4、34、22、42、49、37、40、54、55、11;第4类有2个品系,包括品系38、39。适合山西黄土高原生态区高产优质的理想株型特征表现为:株高适中(85~124 cm),底荚高度适中(3.7~10.5 cm),分枝数较多(5~11个),有效分枝数适中(5~11个),主茎节数较多(20~28个),主茎荚数较多(49~96个)。试验筛选出10个高产优质品系,分别为4、34、22、42、49、37、40、54、55、11。
To explore the ideal plant shape of yiled and quality of soybeans,provide theoretical basis and germplasm materials for the breeding for high-yield and excellent-quality soybeans.In this study,a total of 76 materials including a soybean hybrid combination of Jinhan 125×Xiye 501 and its hybrid offspring were selected as the tested materials to determine the values of 12 agronomic traits and 3 quality traits.Using SPSS software,by the methods such as variation analysis,correlation analysis,principal component analysis,multiple linear regression analysis,and cluster analysis,an ideal high-yield and excellent-quality plant shape suitable for Shanxi ecological region was summarized.The results showed that the genetic base of hybrid offspring was rich.The correlation coefficients between yield of per plant and agronomic and quality traits were as follows:plant weight,number of pods per plant,number of grains per plant,number of insect erosion,number of pods per main stem,number of effective branches,number of main stem nodes,number of branches,100 grain weight,fat content,bottom pod height,protein content,plant height,and water content.The effective number of branches(X1),the number of main stem pods(X2),the number of insect erosion(X3),and yield per plant(Y)obtained the regression equation Y=-73.747+8.654X1+1.391X2+1.102X3.The cumulative contribution value of the first five principal components was 78.17%.The clustering results could be divided into four categories:the first category had 30 strains,including 1,5,7,16,17,et al;the second category had 34 strains,including 2,3,6,8,9,et al.There were 10 strains in the third category,including 4,34,22,42,49,37,40,54,55,11.The fourth category had two strains,including 38 and 39.The characteristics of ideal plant shape suitable for high yield and excellent quality in the Loess Plateau ecological region of Shanxi Province were as follows that the plant height was moderate(85-124 cm),the bottom pod height was moderate(3.7-10.5 cm),and the number of branches was relatively hig
作者
郭蕊
樊晋源
武艳杏
王鹏
郭数进
GUO Rui;FAN Jinyuan;WU Yanxing;WANG Peng;GUO Shujin(College of Agriculture,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taigu 030801,China)
出处
《山西农业科学》
2023年第5期485-493,共9页
Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences
基金
山西农业大学博士科研启动项目(2021BQ19)
2022年大豆种业创新良种联合攻关(2022xczx03-09)。
关键词
大豆
理想株型
产量
品质
多元线性回归分析
主成分分析
soybean
ideal plant shape
yield
quality
multiple linear regression analysis
principal component analysis
