摘要
为指导山西省大豆育种,对山西省1973-2017年间审定的84份大豆品种的主要农艺性状、产量和品质的演变进行了分析。结果表明:生育期、株高和主茎节数以1980年代最高,而后逐渐降低,2010年后略有回升。单株荚数以1990年代最高。随着年代推进,在分枝数和单株荚数下降的情况下,由于百粒重的持续增加,单产也随之增加。平均产量由1970年代的1 992. 5kg/hm2提升到2010年后的2 964. 34kg/hm2,提高了48. 8%。蛋白与脂肪含量以2010年后育成品种最高,主要是蛋白质含量的增加。在山西省审定的大豆品种中,有限结荚习性大豆所占比例持续增长,但还是以亚有限结荚习性为主,无限结荚习性大豆1990年代所占比例最高,随后下降。圆形和椭圆形叶片比例有所下降,而披针叶和卵圆叶比例有所增加,主要在于后者能够更合理利用光能。
In this paper,the evolution of main agronomic traits,yield and quality of84soybean varieties released in Shanxi Province from1973to2017were analyzed.The results showed that,the growth period,plant height and main stem reached thehighest in1980s and then gradually reduced,but slightly increased after2010.The pod number reached the highest in1990s.As the years progress,the yields had increased with the continued increase of100-seed weight,although simultaneously the number of branches and pods per plant declined.The yield increased from1992.5kg/hm2in1970s to2964.34kg/hm2in2010s with the increasement of48.8%.The content of fat and oil was the highest in2010s,mainly due to the increase of protein content.At the present,the majority of soybean varieties in Shanxi Province are semideterminate varieties,meanwhile determinate soybean varieties proportion continues to increase and indeterminate soybean varieties proportion is declining,which occupied the largest percentage in1990s.The proportion with the round and oval leaves has declined,while the proportion with Phi coniferous and oval leaves has increased,which are mainly resulted from the more efficient use of light energy.
作者
任海红
马俊奎
刘学义
任小俊
REN Hai-hong;MA Jun-kui;LlU Xue-yi;REN Xiao-jun(Industrial Crop Research Institute, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences /Taiyuan030031,China)
出处
《中国油料作物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第6期762-768,共7页
Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences
基金
国家重点研发计划项目子课题(2017YFD0101400)
关键词
山西省
审定大豆
农艺性状
产量
品质
演变
Shanxi Province
released soybean
agronomic characteristics
yield
quality
evolution
