摘要
目的分析天津市河东区手足口病聚集性病例的流行特征和趋势,,为手足口病的预防与控制工作提供依据。方法数据来源于《中国疾病预防控制信息系统》,建立Excel数据库,采用SPSS 21.0统计软件进行统计分析。结果2019—2021年天津市河东区共发生手足口病66起,累计发病213例,无暴发疫情。私立幼儿园发生手足口病聚集性病例占全部的22.73%,累计发病占发病总数的34.27%。6—8月为手足口病聚集性病例高发期,与报告发病数呈正相关,年龄主要集中在3~5岁,占发病总数的53.05%。疫情主要由区疾病预防控制中心监测发现,占全部疫情的78.79%,疫情平均持续(3.74±5.83)天;首发病例发病到聚集性病例报告时间间隔平均(4.45±3.55)d。聚集性病例病原以柯萨奇病毒A组6型和柯萨奇病毒A组16型为主。结论手足口病防控工作应着眼于对私立幼儿园的管理,6—8月是预防手足口病的关键时期,聚集性病例持续时间主要与疫情发现及时性、调查处置及时性、停课等防控措施落实及时性相关。加强手足口病监测,做到早发现、早诊断、早报告、早隔离,及时落实防控措施,是控制疫情的关键。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and trends of the clustering infection of hand-foot-mouth disease(HFMD)in Hedong District of Tianjin,provide evidence for the prevention and control of HFMD.Methods The data were collected form the China disease control and prevention information system to create an Excel database,and SPSS21.0 statistical software was used for statistical analysis.Results A total of 66 clustering infections of HFMD were reported in Hedong District of Tianjin from 2019-2021,a total of 213 cases were found,and there was no outbreak.The clustering infection of HFMD in private kindergartens accounted for 22.73%,and the cumulative cases accounted for 34.27%of the total cases.The high incidence period of HFMD was from June to August,which was consistent with the trend of reported cases.The age mainly concentrated in 3-5 years old,accounting for 53.05%of the total cases.The epidemic was mainly detected by the district-level center for disease control and prevention,accounting for 78.79%of the total epidemic.The average duration of the epidemic was(3.74±5.83)days.The average time interval from the first case to the clustering infection reporte was(4.45±3.55)days.The coxsackie virus A6(Cox A6)and coxsackie virus A16(Cox A16)were the main pathogens in the clustering infection.Conclusions The most important work of HFMD prevention and control should focus on the management of private kindergartens.June-August is the key period to prevent HFMD.The duration of clustering infection is mainly related to the timeliness of epidemic detection,timeliness of investigation and disposal,timeliness of implementation of suspension of classes and other prevention and control measures.Strengthening surveillance of HFMD,early detection,early diagnosis,early report,early isolation and timely implementation of prevention and control measures are the key to control the epidemic situation.
作者
孙秋云
杨瑞兰
SUN Qiu-yun;YANG Rui-lan(Immunization Department,Tianjin Hedong Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Tianjin,300151,China;Infection Control Department,Tianjin Hedong Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Tianjin,300151,China)
出处
《职业与健康》
CAS
2023年第4期502-504,509,共4页
Occupation and Health
关键词
手足口病
流行病学特征
聚集性病例
Hand-foot-mouth disease(HFMD)
Epidemiological characteristic
Clustering infection
