摘要
工业史研究中的卡德维尔法则表明,任何领先国家都难以在创新领域长期保持优势地位,必将被其他国家取代。[1]创新是经济发展的发动机,在创新领域落伍往往意味着发展速度下滑。在20世纪后半期以来不到80年的时间内,日本以近乎戏剧性的方式验证了上述法则:一方面,日本企业在战后开展的组织与技术创新在部分领域动摇了美国企业的领先地位;另一方面,在经历了为时不长的平稳期之后,随着创新活动的效率下降,日本经济陷入了长达30年的低增长困局。
All sectors of Japanese society have reached the consensus that it is the change of technical regime that brings about long-lasting economic pets,and the two fundamental measures to reduce the negative impact of the technical change are clear.However,it is confusing that the Japanese government did not choose either of the two measures in the past three decades.Actually,political consensuses among classes,firms,and sectors are indispensable for the Japanese government to systematically implement any fundamental anti-crisis measures.Because such political consensuses had never been reached,the Japanese government failed to move into action.
基金
北京大学公共治理研究所“工业行政与产业政策”研究项目的支持。
