摘要
以往关于权力是否影响情绪的研究存在结果争议,这意味着可能存在其它因素的作用。本研究基于权力控制理论和社会距离理论,探究了社交情境中权力和反馈对情绪的影响。研究1采用经验取样法收集了140名被试五天内的1706段社交经历,研究2采用实验法考察了148名被试的社交经历。结果表明,权力和反馈对情绪存在交互影响:(1)当个体处于低权力情境时,反馈影响情绪,反馈越积极,情绪也越积极;(2)当个体获得积极反馈时,权力不影响情绪;当个体获得消极反馈时,权力影响情绪,权力越高,情绪相对更积极。本研究有助于厘清以往研究关于权力与情绪关系的争议。
Power refers to the potential ability of an individual to influence and control others(Guinote, 2017). The relation between power and emotions has been a controversial research topic. The prevailing perspective based on Keltner et al.’s(2003) approach/inhibition theory argues that high/low power triggers positive/negative emotions, respectively(Bombari et al., 2017;Van Kleef & Lange, 2020). However, some studies failed to find the effect of power on emotions(Hadar et al., 2019;Jia et al., 2018). These inconsistent results suggest that the relation between power and emotions may be moderated by other factors. The influence of power on emotions is apparent in some conditions, but not in others. In daily life, an individual’s power and emotions vary according to different social interactions. Feedback is a core aspect of social interactions(Rappaport & Barch,2020). Past research demonstrated that positive(vs. negative) feedback elevates mood(Belschak & Den Hartog, 2009). According to the power-control theory and social distance theory, high-and low-power individuals differ in their possession of valuable resources, interdependence, and social distance toward others(Fiske, 1993;Magee & Smith, 2013), which may lead to social feedback(positive vs. negative) having different importance and meaning for them. Feedback may have a greater influence on low-power(vs. high-power) individuals. Based on this claim, we propose that power and feedback jointly influence emotions.This study examines the effects of power and feedback on emotions in social interactions. Study 1 employed the experience sampling method and collected data on the social interactions of 140 individuals, three times a day for five days. In total, participants reported 1706 social interactions in which they received social feedback from others. For each incident of social interaction, participants’ power perception, feedback from others, and their emotions were assessed. A multilevel model was then tested. Study 2 used a 2(power: high vs. low) × 2(fee
作者
邓棉琳
陈慧萍
谢欣哲
石文典
Deng Mianlin;Chen Huiping;Xie Xinzhe;Shi Wendian(Department of Psychology,Shanghai Normal University,Shanghai,200234)
出处
《心理科学》
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第1期181-188,共8页
Journal of Psychological Science
基金
国家自然科学基金青年项目(31900780)
中国博士后科学基金项目(2019M661575)的资助。
关键词
权力
情绪
反馈
社会交往
经验取样法
power
emotion
feedback
social interaction
experience sampling
