摘要
为回答我国绝对贫困与相对贫困在过去30年间的变化趋势如何,本文引入贫困综合测度方法,结合绝对贫困线与混合贫困线,测算了兼顾绝对贫困和相对贫困的改进FGT指数,以考察中国居民综合贫困变动趋势。基于中国健康与营养调查(CHNS)1989—2015年数据的实证结果显示,虽然中国削减绝对贫困成效显著,但缓解相对贫困的形势依然严峻,从而综合贫困降幅逐渐减缓。从子样本的结果来看,城镇和农村的综合贫困已大幅下降,但近年来农村综合贫困下降有所停滞;各地区综合贫困均已大幅下降,但东西部地区综合贫困有所“反弹”。进一步的分解表明,相对贫困成分在综合贫困中的占比呈现逐年上升的趋势。据此本文认为,应将收入贫困的绝对和相对方面纳入统一的框架内综合考虑,通过构建与经济发展相适应的贫困线动态调整机制,以不断提高贫困测度的精度,更好推进共同富裕。
In order to clarify the trend of absolute poverty and relative poverty in China over the past 30 years,this paper introduces the overall poverty measurement method,combines the absolute poverty line and the hybrid poverty line,and calculates the adapted Foster-Greer-Thorbecke(FGT)index that takes into account both absolute poverty and relative poverty to examine the overall poverty of Chinese residents.Empirical results based on data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey(CHNS)from 1989 to 2015 show that although China has achieved significant results in reducing absolute poverty,the situation of alleviating relative poverty is still severe,and the overall poverty reduction has gradually slowed down.From the results of the sub-sam-ples,overall poverty in urban and rural areas has fallen sharply,but the decline in overall poverty in rural areas has stagnated in recent years.Overall poverty in all regions has fallen sharply,but overall poverty in the eastern and western regions has rebounded.Further decomposition shows that the proportion of relative poverty in overall poverty has shown an upward trend year by year.Based on the above results,this paper believes that the absolute and relative aspects of income poverty should be integrated into a unified framework for comprehensive consideration,and the poverty line dynamic adjustment mechanism adapted to economic development should be constructed to improve the accuracy of poverty measurement and better promote common prosperity.
作者
陈铭聪
程振源
杨彦欣
Chen Mingcong;Cheng Zhenyuan;Yang Yanxin(School of Economics,Xiamen University;School of Economics and Management,South China Normal University;School of Statistics,Renmin University of China)
出处
《经济科学》
北大核心
2023年第2期26-48,共23页
Economic Science
关键词
绝对贫困
相对贫困
综合测度
混合贫困线
FGT指数
absolute poverty
relative poverty
overall measurement
hybrid poverty line
FGT index
