摘要
利用中国气象局2014年发布的《华南汛期监测业务规定》与《梅雨监测业务规定》中华南前汛期开汛和长江中下游入梅日期资料,对1961~2021年我国南方地区雨季进程的年际变化进行了客观划分,划分为4种类型:偏早型(前汛期和入梅均偏早)、偏晚型(前汛期和入梅均偏晚)、前早后晚型(前汛期偏早而入梅偏晚)、前晚后早型(前汛期偏晚而入梅偏早)。不同雨季进程相联系的东亚大气环流异常、我国中东部春季和梅雨期降水异常分布均存在明显的差异。偏早型年,3月底至5月初西风急流强度偏强且第一次北跳偏早,6月副高北跳明显,菲律宾附近维持反气旋性环流异常;偏晚型年与偏早型年环流形势相反。前早后晚型年,西风急流前期偏强后期偏弱,菲律宾附近前期为反气旋性环流异常,后期转为气旋性环流异常且副高位置异常偏南;前晚后早型年与前早后晚型年环流形势相反。南方地区雨季进程与热带海温演变之间的关系并不显著,不同雨季进程与ENSO演变的关系较复杂。
Based on the onset date of the first rainy season in South China(ODFRS_SC)from"South China flood season monitoring operational specifications"and Meiyu(OD_Meiyu)over the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River from"Meiyu monitoring operational specifications"released by China Meteorological Administration in 2014,rainy season processes over southern China are divided into four categories objectively from 1961 to 2021:Early type(early for ODFRS_SC and OD_Meiyu),late type(late for ODFRS_SC and OD_Meiyu),first-phase early and second-phase late type(early for ODFRS_SC and late for OD_Meiyu),and first-phase late and second-phase early type(late for ODFRS_SC and early for OD_Meiyu).In various types of rainy season processes,there are obvious differences in precipitation anomaly distribution in the spring and Meiyu periods over central and eastern China.Moreover,evolutions of east Asian atmospheric circulation anomaly and sea surface temperature(SST)in different rainy season processes have obvious differences.In the early type,from late March to early May,the East Asian subtropical jet(EASJ)was stronger,and the first northward jump was earlier.In June,the northward jump of the western Pacific subtropical high(WPSH)was obvious,and the anticyclone anomaly was located in the Philippines;the late type is the opposite of the early type in circulation terms.In the first-phase early and second-phase late type,the EASJ was stronger in the first stage and weaker in the second stage,the anticyclone(cyclone)anomaly in the first(second)stage was located at the Philippines,and the location of the WPSH was abnormally southward;the first-phase late and second-phase early type is the opposite of the former.The correlation between the rainy season process in southern China and the evolution of tropical SST is insignificant;especially,the relationships between the various progressions and evolutions of El Niño southern oscillation are complex.
作者
李英发
赵俊虎
臧乃珲
季飞
范培义
封国林
LI Yingfa;ZHAO Junhu;ZANG Naihui;JI Fei;FAN Peiyi;and FENG Guolin(College of Atmospheric Sciences,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000;Laboratory for Climate Studies,National Climate Center,China Meteorological Administration,Beijing 100081)
出处
《气候与环境研究》
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第2期160-172,共13页
Climatic and Environmental Research
基金
国家重点研发计划2017YFC1502303
国家自然科学基金项目42130610
42075017
41905053
41875083
2021年中国气象局创新发展专项CXFZ2021Z011。
关键词
中国南方
雨季进程
东亚夏季风
西太平洋副热带高压
东亚副热带急流
Southern China
rainy season progress
East Asian summer monsoon
Western Pacific subtropical high
East Asian subtropical jet
