摘要
在原型范畴观的指导下,使用释义因子理论,对比《商务馆学汉语词典》和《牛津中阶英汉双解词典》中共有心理动词义位的释义内容,发现这两部词典都比较重视义核,而且客体因子比主体因子的凸显度更高,程度因子在释义中的作用突出。在此基础上,对以上两部词典中的“希望类”心理动词义位加以封闭研究,发现它们在释义上呈现如下特点:从释义因子类型的选择来看,普遍重视义核,但对某些附属因子的关注度存在差异;在释义配例上,两部词典基本贯彻了“同场同模式”的理念,但《牛津中阶》对附属因子的选择要比《学汉语》更有针对性,对学习者来说词义区分度更高;从同义词群内部核心成员的释义精细度来看,发现以上两部词典中充当义核的词往往是典型群内部词价最高者,其释义精细度也更高。最后,建构了心理动词的宏观释义模式,提出释义因子理论在词典释义、多义词义项划分以及易混淆词辨析等五个方面具有一定的应用价值。
Under the guidance of prototype category theory,the study compares sememe definitions of shared psychological verbs in Chinese Learner's Dictionary of Commercial Press and Oxford Intermediate Learner's English-Chinese Dictionary by adopting the theory of paraphrasing factor,and find that the two dictionaries attach more importance to the meaning core,the object factor is more prominent than the subject one,and the degree factor plays a prominent role in paraphrasing.On this basis,a closed study is made on the sememes of psychological verbs of“hope”category.It is found that they show the following features in the definitions:from the type selection of paraphrasing factors,they generally attach importance to the meaning core,but pay different attention to some accessory factors;in terms of definition examples,they basically carry out the idea of“the same field and the same model”,but the latter is more targeted in the selection of accessory factors than the former,and the meaning differentiation is higher for learners;in terms of the paraphrasing precision of inner core members of the synonym group,the words that act as meaning cores are often the ones with the highest word value in the typical group,and the paraphrasing precision is also higher.Finally,a macro paraphrasing model of psychological verbs is constructed,and it is proposed that the theory of paraphrasing factor has a certain application value in paraphrasing the dictionary,sense division of polysemy,discrimination of confusable words,and so on.
作者
刘伟
LIU Wei(School of Literature,Hebei Normal University,Shijiazhuang 050024,China)
出处
《鲁东大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》
2023年第2期21-30,共10页
Ludong University Journal:Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目“基于辞书信息数据库的中国汉语辞书理论史研究”(18ZDA302)。
关键词
心理动词
释义因子
释义模式
外向型学习词典
对比研究
psychological verb
paraphrasing factor
paraphrasing model
dictionary for foreign learners
comparative study
