摘要
粒径是影响物质吸附性能的一个重要因素。本研究以不同粒径(0.25~1 mm、0.075~0.25 mm、<0.075 mm)油菜秸秆生物炭(SBC)和鸡粪生物炭(MBC)分别与两种土壤(高磷土、低磷土)混合进行室内培养30 d,通过土壤磷等温吸附试验与解吸试验,结合土壤磷吸附相关性质,评价不同粒径生物炭对土壤磷吸附-解吸特性的影响。结果表明:在水体系中,3个粒径的SBC与MBC对磷的吸附能力大小均表现为<0.075 mm(43125、20083 mg·kg^(-1))>0.075~0.25 mm(37376、13199 mg·kg^(-1))>0.25~1 mm(27749、12251 mg·kg^(-1));在土壤体系中,同一种生物炭的3个粒径间土壤磷吸附量差异较小。与无生物炭处理相比,添加SBC提高了土壤对磷的最大吸附量(S_(max)),增幅为236.8%~755.7%,并降低了土壤磷解吸率;添加MBC的S_(max)增幅较SBC低,但提高了土壤磷解吸率(增幅为7.2%~295.9%)。两种生物炭处理均显著增加了土壤总磷、速效磷和交换性钙、镁含量,其中SBC处理交换性钙、镁含量增幅为64.0%~257.1%,MBC处理增幅为39.1%~205.3%,且土壤交换性钙、镁含量与S_(max)呈极显著正相关。综上,生物炭粒径对土壤磷吸附性能的影响较小,提高土壤对磷吸附性能的关键因素是生物炭施入后带入的钙、镁;油菜秸秆生物炭对土壤磷吸附能力强,适用于提高富磷土壤对磷的固持能力,减少盈余磷素的流失;而鸡粪生物炭更适于改善低磷水平土壤,提高有效磷含量。
The size of particles determines the adsorption reaction.In this study,three different particle sizes of biochar(0.25-1 mm,0.075-0.25 mm,<0.075 mm)were produced from rapeseed straw(SBC)and chicken manure(MBC).The biochar was mixed with high phosphorus(P)soil and low P soil and then incubated for 30 days.We conducted isothermal P sorption and desorption experiments to evaluate the effects of biochar particle size on sorption-desorption characteristics of soil P,and analyzed soil properties associated with P sorption.The results showed that P sorption capacity of SBC and MBC in the water system was highest for the smallest particle size(<0.075 mm)(SBC:43125 mg·kg^(-1),MBC:20083 mg·kg^(-1)),followed by the intermediate particle size(0.075-0.25 mm)(SBC:37376 mg·kg^(-1),MBC:13199 mg·kg^(-1))and the largest particle size(0.25-1 mm)(SBC:27749 mg·kg^(-1),MBC:12251 mg·kg^(-1)).However,there was little difference in soil P sorption between the three particle sizes of the same biochar in the soil system.In comparison with no biochar treatment,the addition of SBC increased the Langmuir P sorption maximum(S_(max))by 236.8%-755.7%,and decreased soil P desorption rate.The addition of MBC increased S_(max),but the enhancement was less than that of SBC.Soil P desorption rate was increased by 7.2%-295.9%.Both SBC and MBC significantly increased the contents of soil total P,available P,and exchangeable calcium(Ca)and magnesium(Mg).The increases in Ca and Mg contents due to biochar addition was 64.0%-257.1%(SBC)and 39.1%-205.3%(MBC),respectively.The contents of soil exchangeable Ca and Mg were positively correlated with S_(max).These results suggested that biochar particle size had little effect on soil P sorption,but the enrichment of Ca and Mg due to biochar addition played a critical role in regulating soil P sorption.The rapeseed straw biochar had a high adsorption capacity for soil P,making it suitable for improving the P fixation capacity of soil rich in P and reducing the loss of excess P.Chicken manure biochar could be
作者
韦金菊
秦国兵
张庚金
贾露露
周建
吴建富
魏宗强
WEI Jinju;QIN Guobing;ZHANG Gengjin;JIA Lulu;ZHOU Jian;WU Jianfu;WEI Zongqiang(College of Land Resources and Environment,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang 330045,China)
出处
《应用生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第3期708-716,共9页
Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41867019)
江西省自然科学基金项目(20202BABL203030)资助。
