摘要
为研究不同封顶方式对新疆南疆棉花生长及经济性状的影响,开展了3种封顶方式的田间试验,观测棉花农艺性状及结铃性状指标。结果表明:无人机化学封顶的株高、果台数、总果节数较不打顶降低了5.95%、8.64%和12.45%,较人工打顶增加了9.73%、40.10%和9.06%,主茎绿叶数增加了14.26%。各器官干物质积累量大小,根系、叶片及生殖器官依次为化学封顶>人工打顶>不打顶,茎秆为不打顶>化学封顶>人工打顶,化学封顶干物质总量较人工打顶和不打顶增加6.93%和6.15%。化学封顶的上部、下部结铃较人工打顶减少0.06个和0.16个,较不打顶增多0.31个和0.44个,中部结铃较人工打顶增多0.35个,较不打顶减少0.16个,其上、中、下部位结铃比例为0.36∶0.40∶0.24,介于人工打顶和不打顶之间。化学封顶的内、外围铃比例与人工打顶差异不显著。化学封顶的籽棉和皮棉产量较人工打顶减少1.54%和2.40%,差异不显著,但较不打顶增加14.07%和17.02%,差异显著。综上,无人机化学封顶能有效控制棉花株型,促进棉铃协调分布,保持较高产量,具有类似人工打顶效果。
In order to study the effects of different topping methods on cotton growth and economic characters in Southern Xinjiang,field experiments of three topping methods were carried out to observe the agronomic traits and bolling traits of cotton.The re-sults showed that compared with non topping,the plant height,number of fruit sets and total fruit node number of UAV chemical topping decreased by 5.95%,8.64%and 12.45%,compared with artificial topping,it increased by 9.73%,40.10%and 9.06%respectively,and the number of green leaves on the main stem increased by 14.26%.The dry matter accumulation of roots,leaves and re-productive organs was chemical topping>manual topping>not topping,while the dry matter accumulation of stem was non-topping>chemically topping>manual topping.The total dry matter of chemical topping increased by 6.93%and 6.15%compared with manual topping and no topping.The bolls in the upper and lower parts of the chemical topping were 0.06 and 0.16 less than those of the manual topping,0.31 and 0.44 more than those of the non topping,and for middle bolls,0.35 more than that of the manual topping and 0.16 less than that of the non topping.The ratio of bolls in the upper,middle and lower parts was 0.36∶0.40∶0.24,which was between the manual topping and the non topping.There was no significant difference in the proportion of inner and outer bolls between chemical topping and manual topping.Compared with manual topping,the yield of seed cotton and lint cotton with chemical topping decreased by 1.54%and 2.40%,with no significant difference,but increased by 14.07%and 17.02%,with significant difference.In conclusion,UAV chemical topping could effectively control cotton plant type,promote cotton boll coordinated distribution and maintain high yield,which was similar to manual topping.
作者
邢植
胡宝
林熬
马丽
王冀川
李慧琴
王潭刚
XING Zhi;HU Bao;LIN Ao;MA Li;WANG Jichuan;LI Huiqin;WANG Tangang(College of Agronomy,Tarim University,Alar,Xinjiang 843300;Institute of Agriculture Science and Technology of Third Division of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps,Tumushuker,Xinjiang 843901)
出处
《塔里木大学学报》
2023年第1期82-88,共7页
Journal of Tarim University
基金
新疆生产建设兵团科技创新人才计划项目“小海子垦区机采棉植保无人机飞喷防控技术创新与示范”(2021CB054)
第三师图木舒克市科技计划项目“小海子垦区无人机化学封顶及配套技术研究与示范”(KJ2022CX04)。
关键词
棉花
化学封顶
生长
经济特性
cotton
chemical topping
growth
economic characteristics
