摘要
定量解析沉积物重金属来源并绘制空间分布图可为海洋生态环境治理修复提供科学依据.本文以定海-黄岐湾为研究区,分析其表层沉积物的重金属含量,通过内梅罗指数和地统计法探究其重金属空间分布规律,并基于正定矩阵因子分析模型(PMF)定量描述其重金属元素的污染来源.研究结果表明定海-黄岐湾表层沉积物的V、Cr、Co、Ni、Cu、Zn、Cd、Pb均值分别为86.55、61.50、13.50、30.42、30.60、116.58、0.11、39.94 mg·kg^(−1)均超出福建省近岸浅海沉积物的背景值1倍以上;地统计和内梅罗指数表明V、Cr、Co、Ni、Cu、Zn、Cd、Pb含量的空间分布和污染特征具有差异性.其中,V为轻度污染,Cr、Co、Ni、Pb均为中度污染而Cu、Zn、Cd为重污染,但是其高值区和污染严重区域均出现在人类活动密集区,呈现受人类活动影响的共性特征;PMF分析则阐释沉积物中的V来自于区域岩石风化的自然源,Zn和Cd元素来自于生活污水的排放,Ni、Cr、Co和Cu来自于船只表面金属涂层剥落,Pb来自于船只海上交通泄露的油料.自然源、生活排污源、工业污染源以及交通污染源对定海-黄岐湾沉积物重金属的污染贡献率分别为19.3%、28.3%、43.4%、8.9%,贡献率最高的为船只金属涂层脱落的工业污染源.
Quantitative analysis of heavy metal sources in sediments and the creation of spatial distribution maps can provide a scientific basis for the treatment and restoration of the marine ecological environment.This paper examines the heavy metal content of surface sediments in Dinghai-Huangqi Bay,investigates the spatial distribution of heavy metals using the Nemero index and geostatistics,and quantitatively describes heavy metal pollution sources using a positive definite matrix factor analysis model(PMF).The results show that the average values of V,Cr,Co,Ni,Cu,Zn,Cd,and Pb in Dinghai-Huangqi Bay surface sediments are 86.55,61.50,13.50,30.42,30.60,116.58,0.11,39.94 mg·kg^(−1),respectively,which are higher than the background values of coastal shallow sea sediments in Fujian Province.The Geostatistics and Nemero index show that the spatial distribution and pollution characteristics of V,Cr,Co,Ni,Cu,Zn,Cd,Pb contents are different.Of them,V is slightly polluted,Cr,Co,Ni,Pb are moderately polluted,while Cu,Zn,Cd are heavily polluted.However,both high-value areas and heavily polluted areas appear in human activityintensive areas,demonstrating the common characteristics affected by human activities.PMF analysis showed that V in the sediment comes from the natural source of regional rock weathering,Zn and Cd elements come from domestic sewage discharge,Ni,Cr,Co,and Cu elements come from the peeling of metal coating on the surface of the ship,and Pb elements come from the oil leaked from the marine traffic.The natural sources,domestic sewage,industrial,and traffic pollution contributed 19.3%,28.3%,43.4%,and 8.9%,respectively,to heavy metals in Dinghai-Huangqi Bay sediments.The ship metal coating flaking off was the industrial pollution source with the highest contribution rate.
作者
郭雨岸
陈秀玲
蔡炳贵
卢欣
刘杰
周玲
GUO Yu’an;CHEN Xiuling;CAI Binggui;LU Xin;LIU Jie;ZHOU Ling(Key Laboratory for Humid Subtropical Eco-Geographical Process of the Ministry of Education,Fuzhou,350007,China;School of Geographical Sciences,Fujian Normal University,Fuzhou,350007,China;State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Mountain Ecology Funded by Ministry of Science and Technology and Fujian Province,Fujian Normal University,Fuzhou,350007,China)
出处
《环境化学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第3期769-778,共10页
Environmental Chemistry
基金
福建省自然科学基金(2022J01619)资助.
关键词
重金属
来源分析
正定矩阵因子分析模型
闽东
heavy metals
source analysis
positive definite matrix factor analysis model
eastern Fujian
