摘要
以生长于新疆北部的实葶葱和入侵实葶葱种植地的小飞蓬作为供体植物,伴生植物菥蓂和马齿苋为受体材料,采用盆栽试验法研究不同分蘖株数实葶葱秸秆单一腐解以及不同分蘖株数实葶葱和小飞蓬秸秆室内混合腐解180 d后伴生植物的生长、生理变化及其对年生长结束后基质化学性质的影响。结果表明,单一腐解处理对菥蓂和马齿苋的根长、根体积和生物量积累分别表现出“低促高抑”和持续增强的抑制效果。混合腐解后,与单一腐解处理相比,同一低浓度下混合腐解处理对菥蓂的根长、根体积的促进作用分别消减了93%和61%,对地上部鲜、干质量的促进作用分别消减了30%、38%,对地下部鲜、干质量的促进作用分别消减了65%和90%,对马齿苋的根长和地下部鲜、干质量的抑制作用分别消减了60%、75%和49%,对根体积和地上部鲜、干质量则由抑制转变为促进作用。同一高浓度下混合腐解处理对菥蓂根体积的促进作用消减了77%,对地上部鲜、干质量和地下部鲜质量的抑制作用分别消减了37%、55%和31%,对马齿苋的根长、根体积、地上部干质量和地下部鲜质量的抑制作用分别消减了了21%、51%、14%和33%。实葶葱与小飞蓬混合腐解后产生的复合他感作用总体表现为拮抗效应。相关性分析显示复合腐解基质的化学性质比实葶葱单一腐解基质更利于伴生植物的生长。研究结果显示实葶葱腐解产生的他感作用能够抑制伴生植物的生长和生理活动,而小飞蓬的入侵可以缓解伴生植物受到的这种抑制作用,并影响改变实葶葱种植地的EC值和pH值,进一步影响入侵地的物种多样性和生态稳定性。
To examine the allelopathic effects of the invasive plant Conyza canadensis and Allium galanthum on growth and physiology of the associated plants and the chemical properties of the substrate after the end of growth,this study used the straw of Allium galanthum and Conyza canadensis which growing in northern Xinjiang as donor plants,Thlaspi arvense and Portulaca oleracea associated with Allium galanthun were chosen as recipient materials.The effects of single decomposition of Allium galanthum from different tillers and mixed decomposition of Allium galanthum from different tillers with Conyza canadensis for 180 days in doors on growth,physiological changes of associated plants and substrate chemical properties at the end of annual growth were studied by potted experiment method.The results showed that the effects of single decomposition treatment on various growth indicators of Thlaspi arvense and Portulaca oleracea were“promoted at low concentrations and inhibited at high concentrations”and continued enhancement,respectively.Compared with the single decomposition treatment,the inhibitory effects of mixed decaying substance on root length,root volume,aboveground fresh and dry mass,and underground fresh and dry mass of Thlaspi arvense were reduced by 93%,61%,30%,38%,65%,90%,respectively,and the inhibitory effects of root length and underground biomass of Portulaca oleracea were reduced by 60%,75%,49%,respectively.The root volume and shoot biomass changed from inhibition to promotion at the same low concentrations.The promoting effect of mixed decaying substance on the root volume of Thlaspi arvense was reduced by 77%,and the inhibiting effects on the aboveground biomass and underground fresh mass were reduced by 37%,55%,31%,respectively.The inhibitory effects of root length,root volume,aboveground dry mass and underground fresh mass of Portulaca oleracea were reduced by 21%,51%,14%,33%respectively at the same high concentration.The compound allelopathy of Allium galanthum and Conyza canadensis was antagonistic
作者
杨柳青
计怀峰
林辰壹
李文静
梁健
YANG Liuqing;JI Huaifeng;LIN Chenyi;LI Wenjing;LIANG Jian(College of Horticulture,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830052,China)
出处
《干旱地区农业研究》
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第2期96-104,129,共10页
Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas
基金
国家自然科学基金(31760573)
新疆维吾尔自治区园艺学重点学科基金(2016-10758-3)。
关键词
实葶葱
小飞蓬
混合腐解
他感作用
伴生植物
Allium galanthun
Conyza canadensis
mixed decomposition
allelopathy
associated plants
