摘要
本文系统梳理分析了水泥不同种类和各工序的CO_(2)排放特征,其中,工艺、燃料直接CO_(2)排放占比达90%,与物料中碳酸盐的含量正相关,与燃料发热量和利用率负相关,电力间接CO_(2)排放占比约10%,特种水泥由于减少了碳酸盐分解造成的碳排放,总体碳排放量较低。新型干法水泥生产过程可分为生料制备、熟料煅烧和水泥粉磨三个阶段,工艺和燃料CO_(2)排放主要发生在熟料煅烧阶段,其尾气中CO_(2)浓度一般在11%~29%。研究分析了碳替代/碳捕集等控碳技术、CO_(2)资源化利用技术。水泥厂碳替代主要是原料替代、熟料或水泥替代、燃料替代等,可分别实现减碳10%、25%~50%和30%以上;碳捕集主要有富氧燃烧和烟气CO_(2)捕集,水泥窑富氧燃烧技术有全氧燃烧和分解炉全氧燃烧技术两种。捕集技术主要采用化学吸收法、固体吸附法;在CO_(2)综合利用方面,针对水泥厂的特殊应用场景,矿化具有较好的应用效果,如采用混凝土养护技术,制备高附加值的微纳米碳酸钙等。
In this paper,CO_(2)emission characteristics of different types and processes of cement were systematically analyzed.Among them,the direct CO_(2)emission from process and fuel accounted for 90%,which was positively correlated with the content of carbonate in materials and negatively correlated with the caloric value and utilization rate of fuel.The indirect CO_(2)emission from electricity accounted for about 10%.Special cement reduces the carbon emission caused by carbonate decomposition,and the overall carbon emission is low.The production process of new dry cement can be divided into three stages:raw material preparation,clinker calcination and cement grinding.The CO_(2)emission of process and fuel mainly occurs in the clinker calcination stage,and the CO_(2)concentration in the flue gas is generally 11%~29%.Carbon substitution/carbon capture and other carbon control technologies and CO_(2)resource utilization technologies were studied and analyzed.Carbon substitution in cement plants mainly includes raw material replacement,clinker or cement replacement,fuel replacement,etc.,which can achieve carbon reduction of 10%,25%~50%and more than 30%respectively.Carbon capture mainly includes oxygen-rich combustion and flue gas CO_(2)capture,while cement kiln oxygen-rich combustion technology includes total oxygen combustion and calciner total oxygen combustion technology.The main trapping techniques are chemical absorption and solid adsorption.In terms of comprehensive utilization of CO_(2),mineralization has a good application effect for the special application scenarios of cement plants,such as the concrete curing technology to prepare high value-added micro and nano calcium carbonate.
作者
刘含笑
吴黎明
胡运进
吴洪义
薛建仓
张壬寅
崔盈
单思珂
王乐
LIU Hanxiao(Zhejiang Feida Environmental Protection Technology Co.LTD.,Zhuji 311800,Zhejiang,China)
出处
《水泥》
CAS
2023年第2期10-15,共6页
Cement
基金
浙江省“尖兵”计划碳专项项目(2022C03030)
国家重点研发计划(2017YFB0603202)。
