摘要
开展刺入式施放灭火剂的试验,以探究更高效的灭火手段。根据3种影响火灾抑制效能的主要因素(施放路径、充装压力、灭火剂种类)设计试验工况,突出刺入式施放灭火剂的火灾抑制效能。结果表明,电池热失控时,相比于外部施放灭火剂,刺入施放能使电池内部和正极都降至更低温度,差值分别为168.2,61.4℃,且无温度回升。充装压力为0.6 MPa时刺入施放,正极处液态水的降温速率达30.1℃/s,而0.9 MPa时仅为7.2℃/s,相同条件下,黏度较高的2-BTP灭火剂,在0.6 MPa时降温速率高达41.9℃/s,0.9 MPa时仍为35.2℃/s,液态水的抑制效能相比2-BTP灭火剂受充装压力的影响更明显。结果表明,刺入式施放灭火剂可使正极处的温度从643.6℃降至55.5℃,最大冷却速率达252.4℃/s,相比外部施放灭火剂,对锂离子电池火灾表现出更佳的抑制效能。
This paper is the first to carry out the test of penetrating and releasing fire extinguishing agent in order to explore a more efficient ways of extinguishing fire.Experimental conditions were designed according to three main factors affecting fire suppression efficiency(release path,filling pressure,type of fire extinguishing agent)to highlight the fire suppression efficiency of penetrating and releasing fire extinguishing agent.When the battery is thermal runaway,the results show that the temperature of the cathode and inside of the battery can be reduced to a lower temperature than the external application of fire extinguishing agent,which the difference is 168.2℃ and 61.4℃respectively,and the temperature does not rise again.When the fire extinguishing agent with the filling pressure of 0.6 MPa is penetrating and releasing,the cooling rate of liquid water at the cathode is as high as 30.1℃/s,while 0.9 MPa is only 7.2℃/s.Under the same conditions,the cooling rate of 2-BTP fire extinguishing agent with high viscosity is as high as 41.9℃/s at 0.6 MPa and still 35.2℃/s at 0.9 MPa.This indicates that the inhibition effect of liquid water is more obviously affected by filling pressure than that of 2-BTP extinguishing agent.To sum up,penetrating and releasing of fire extinguishing agent can reduce the temperature of cathode from 643.6℃ to 55.5℃,and make the maximum cooling rate of cathode reach 252.4℃/s.Compared with releasing fire extinguishing agent outside,it shows better inhibitory effect on lithium-ion battery fire.
作者
张俐恒
张迪
贺元骅
Zhang Liheng;Zhang Di;He Yuanhua(College of Civil Aviation Safety Engineering,Civil Aviation Flight University of China,Sichuan Deyang 618307,China)
出处
《消防科学与技术》
CAS
北大核心
2023年第2期153-158,共6页
Fire Science and Technology
基金
四川省科技计划项目(2021YFSY0001)。
关键词
锂离子电池热失控
刺入式灭火
液态水
2-BTP灭火剂
冷却速率
lithium-ion battery thermal runaway
penetrating fire extinguishing
liquid water
2-BTP extinguishing agent
cooling rate
