摘要
基于第七次全国人口普查数据,对我国育龄妇女特征进行分析,并将其与历次人口普查数据进行比较可以发现:我国育龄妇女规模缩减,年龄结构趋于老化,且城乡和不同区域间表现出不同的特征;育龄妇女受教育程度提高,受教育年限延长,但仍然存在较大的城乡差距;育龄妇女未婚人群占比增加,婚姻不稳定性增强,均表现为城市大于镇大于农村;“七普”时独居的育龄妇女规模较“六普”时扩大一倍,且主要集中在婚育高峰期;育龄妇女生育率在较低水平波动,分孩次来看,农村多孩比例显著高于城市和镇。针对育龄妇女各方面特征及变化,我们应采取积极有效的应对策略。
Based on the seventh national census comparison with previous census data,this paper analyzes and describes the characteristics of childbearing women and the trend of marriage and childbearing behavior.The main findings are as follows:the scale of women of childbearing age is decreasing and the age structure tends to increase.It shows different characteristics between urban and rural areas and between different regions.Their education level has increased and their schooling years have been extended,but there is still a large gap between urban and rural areas.Among women of childbearing age,the proportion of unmarried people and the marital instability are both increasing,which is more in cities than in towns than in rural areas.In the seventh census,the number of childbearing age women living alone doubled compared with that in the sixth census,and mainly focused on the peak period of marriage and childbearing.The fertility rate fluctuates at a low level,and the proportion of multiple children in rural areas is significantly higher than that in towns and cities.This paper discusses the construction of childbearing friendly society from the perspective of childbearing age women.
作者
马小红
彭舒婉
MA Xiao-hong;PENG Shu-wan(Party School of Beijing Municipal Committee/Beijing Academy of Governance,Beijing 100044,China)
出处
《山东女子学院学报》
2023年第2期18-28,共11页
Journal of Shandong Women＇s University
关键词
育龄妇女
人口普查
婚育特征
低生育率
生育友好型社会
women of childbearing age
the census
characteristics of marriage and childbearing
low fertility rate
fertility friendly society
