摘要
在界定可持续乡村内涵与系统构成的基础上,采用统计分析法、问卷调查法和访谈法,从共性问题和个性特征2个方面对长沙市乡村可持续发展现状进行分析,并提出可持续乡村建设模式与路径。结果显示:1)可持续乡村是可以持续为本地乡村居民提供优质的就业、居住、出行、医疗、教育、养老、交往等服务,也能不断为周边城市居民提供健康的农产品、良好的生态产品和文旅体验的乡村系统,包括可持续的农村产业、可持续的农村环境以及可持续的农民生活三大内容;2)长沙市乡村地区存在青壮年劳动力流失、主体老弱化、乡村吸引力不明显、公共服务供给质量偏低、韧性不强、内生动力不足、居民满意度一般等共性问题,此外,旅游型乡村的旅游吸引力不强,农业型乡村的带农机制不足,传统型乡村的传统文化功能有所衰退、一般型乡村的产业发展基础薄弱等个性问题突出;3)提出了生态休闲旅游模式、高效生态农业模式、特色保护模式和融合发展模式等4种针对性的可持续乡村优化模式,生态休闲旅游模式通过结合生态化、低碳化和乡土化的发展理念,设计休闲、娱乐、度假、体验、教育等多样化的乡村旅游活动,持续提升乡村生态旅游吸引力;高效生态农业模式通过利用生态化、智慧化技术,促进专业化、规模化生产与小农户生产有机结合的方式,持续提高农产品供给能力与农业生态景观功能;特色保护模式主要依托乡村特有的历史文化遗产,结合乡村田园风光、农事体验活动和生态环境等乡村特有资源,适度发展文化旅游及相关产业;融合发展模式主要凭借城市及周边村镇资源,发挥城市带动作用,实现村镇联动发展。
Implementing a rural revitalization strategy requires exploring a sustainable rural development path.Promoting sustainable rural construction has become an important issue that urgently needs to be solved.Sustainable countryside is a rural system that can continuously provide high-quality employment,housing,travel,medical care,education,pensions,communication,and other services for local rural residents.It can also continuously provide healthy agricultural products,good ecological products,and cultural tourism experiences for surrounding residents,including sustainable rural industry,sustainable rural environment,and sustainable farmers’lives.Sustainable rural construction is the goal and vision of the implementation for the rural revitalization strategy.This is conducive to solving the issues related to agriculture,rural areas,and rural people,narrowing the gap between urban and rural areas,and promoting the integration of urban and rural development.In recent years,rural revitalization work in Changsha(the capital city of Hunan Province)has been at the forefront of Hunan Province.In 2020,the total output value of agriculture,forestry,animal husbandry,and fishery in the city was 72,219.25 million yuan;the per capita disposable income of rural areas was 34,754.3 yuan,which is 18,169.7 yuan higher than the average level of the whole province;and the income ratio of urban and rural residents was 1.7,which is 0.8 lower than the average level of Hunan Province.Rural infrastructure and public services have been significantly improved,but at the same time,there are also many problems.Based on this,guided by the theory of sustainable development and the theory of the hierarchy of needs,this paper explains the connotation and system composition of sustainable villages in detail.Beginning with the elements of a sustainable rural system,this paper analyzes the common problems and individual characteristics faced by the sustainable development of rural areas in Changsha by means of statistical analysis,questionnaire surve
作者
吴秀
周配
朱倚萱
龚玉兰
贺艳华
Wu Xiu;Zhou Pei;Zhu Yixuan;Gong Yulan;He Yanhua(School of Geographic Science,Hunan Normal University,Changsha 410081,China;Graduate School,Hunan Normal University,Changsha 410081,China;Key Laboratory of Urban-Rural Transformation Process and Effect,Hunan Normal University,Changsha 410081,China;Changsha Municipal Bureau of Natural Resources and Planning,Changsha 410014,China)
出处
《热带地理》
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第2期268-280,共13页
Tropical Geography
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(42071225)
湖南省教育厅重点课题(19A333)
湖南省教育厅科学研究一般项目(19C1117)。
关键词
可持续乡村
乡村系统
乡村建设
乡村优化模式
长沙市
sustainable countryside
rural system
rural construction
rural optimization model
Changsha City
