摘要
本文采用纳滤与化学沉淀法耦合的技术来处理某矿山实际废水。实验选用平板式纳滤膜装置进行纳滤操作,当膜通量下降至一定程度之后,对膜两侧的废水分别处理,渗透水一侧采用钙盐及铁系絮凝剂联用的化学沉淀法除氟除砷,而浓缩水一侧采用先沉淀后水解的方法实现铜和砷的分离。实验结果表明,纳滤过程的最佳操作压力为0.8 MPa,最佳进料流量为35 L·h^(-1),此时Cu^(2+)截留率在93%左右。渗透水一侧调节pH大于13,过滤沉淀后向上清液中加入0.2 mL·L^(-1)37%的浓盐酸,0.4 g·L^(-1)的FeCl3,4 mg·L^(-1)聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)后,出水pH显中性,氟和砷浓度均达排放标准,浓缩水先调pH至5左右,再加入66~133 mg·L^(-1)的FeCl3,2~4 mg·L^(-1)的聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)后,后加入80 mL·L^(-1)10%稀硫酸调节pH值至3左右,铜回收率可达94%,砷含量小于排放标准。此结果表明纳滤与化学沉淀耦合的方法对处理强酸的铜矿废水处理具有较好的处理效果,可应用于实际矿山废水的处理。
In this paper,the Nanofiltration and chemical precipitation method coupling technology to practical wastewater treatment in a mine.In the experiment,a flat nanofiltration membrane device was used to carry out nanofiltration.When the flux of the membrane decreased to a certain extent,the wastewater on both sides of the membrane was treated separately,on the side of concentrated water,the separation of copper and arsenic is realized by precipitation and hydrolysis.The experimental results show that the optimum operating pressure is 0.8 MPa and the optimum flow rate is 35 L·h^(-1).The Cu^(2+)rejection rate is about 93%.When the pH of osmotic water was more than 13,0.2 mL·L^(-1)37%hydrochloric acid,0.4 g·L^(-1)FeCl3,4 mg·L^(-1)Polyacrylamide(PAM)were added into the supernatant after filtration precipitation,the effluent Ph was neutral,and the concentration of fluoride and arsenic reached the discharge standard,the Ph of the concentrated water was adjusted to about 5 at first,then added 66~133 mg·L^(-1)of FeCl3,2~4 mg·L^(-1)of Polyacrylamide acid(PAM),then added 80 mL·L^(-1)10%dilute sulfuric acid to adjust the pH to about 3.The recovery rate of copper was up to 94%,and the arsenic content was less than the discharge standard.The results show that the coupling method of nanofiltration and chemical precipitation has a good effect on the treatment of strong acid copper mine wastewater,which can be applied to the actual mine wastewater treatment.
作者
潘国强
李红
Pan Guoqiang;Li Hong(Kunming Municipal Sewage Treatment Operation Co.,Ltd.,Kunming 650299;College of Chemical Engineering,Beijing University of Chemical Technology,Beijing 100029,China)
出处
《广东化工》
CAS
2023年第3期150-152,138,共4页
Guangdong Chemical Industry
关键词
矿山废水
纳滤
膜通量
除氟除砷
铜砷分离
metal industry
nanofiltration
permeate flux
fluoride and arsenic
separation of copper and arsenic
