摘要
在我国《民法典》施行背景下,不难发现其中存在大量以“没有”或“无”为构成要件的民事消极事实。虽然理论界对消极事实早有探讨,并将其分为“描述性消极事实”和“评价性消极事实”,但目前民事消极事实仍存在界定标准模糊、证明模式单一等困境。为了确保民事消极事实得以有效证明,应当打破消极事实不可证明的错误理念,以民事消极事实的特征为基准,将其类型区分为法定性消极事实和推定性消极事实,并在此基础上构建直接证明和间接证明的双重证明模式,以解决单一证明模式下的证明失灵;在法定性消极事实的基础上以是否需要转移证明责任为基准,探析直接性消极事实和间接性消极事实的证明方法。
Under the implementation of“China's Civil Code”,it is not difficult to find that there are a lot of civil negative facts with“no”or“nothing”as the constituent elements.Although the theorists has discussed negative facts for a long time,and divided them into“descriptive negative facts”and“evaluative negative facts”,there are still multiple dilemmas in civil negative facts at present,such as the criteria definition is vague,the proof model is simplified.In order to ensure that the civil negative facts can be effectively proved,the false judicial conception of the negative facts which cannot be proved should be broken.The false judicial concept that negative facts which cannot be proved should be broken,and the characteristics of civil negative facts should be used as a benchmark to classify the negative facts into statutory negative facts and presumptive negative facts.And on this basis,a doubled proof model of direct and indirect proof should be constructed in order to solve the proof failure in the unitary proof mode;on the basis of statutory negative facts,the methods should be constructed,which is due to whether the burden of proof is transferred,to prove direct and indirect negative facts.
作者
周鸿飞
ZHOU Hongfei(School of Law,Jilin University,Changchun 130012,Jilin,China)
出处
《河南理工大学学报（社会科学版）》
2023年第1期14-21,共8页
Journal of Henan Polytechnic University:Social Sciences
