摘要
目的:分析我国基层卫生人员职业认同和职业承诺的现状及其关系,为完善基层卫生人员激励机制、改善基层卫生人员工作态度提供政策建议。方法:采用多阶段整群抽样和目的抽样,对山东省青岛市、东营市和枣庄市的38家基层卫生机构870名卫生人员进行问卷调查,同时对175名卫生人员进行半结构式访谈。结果:基层卫生人员职业认同得分3.91±0.760、职业承诺得分2.35±1.031,职业认同高的人员比例(74.2%)远大于职业承诺高的人员比例(13.0%),工作压力在职业认同和职业承诺之间起调节作用。通过访谈和问卷结果,发现有20.3%的基层卫生人员存在高工作压力,四项主要工作压力源依次为:经济待遇(37.6%)、工作量(34.8%)、上级检查(29.6%)和职业发展前景(28.2%)。结论:基层卫生人员存在“高认同但低承诺”的矛盾工作态度,工作压力是导致这一矛盾的关键原因。应针对主要压力源采取干预措施来缓解其压力水平,促成“高认同”转化为“高承诺”,促进基层卫生人才队伍的可持续发展。
Objective: To analyze the current situation of China’s primary health workers’ professional identity and career commitment and their relationship, in order to provide policy suggestions for improving the incentive mechanism and work attitude of primary health workers. Methods: Multi-stage cluster sampling and purposive sampling were used to conduct a questionnaire survey on 870 health workers from 38 primary health institutions in Qingdao, Dongying and Zaozhuang of Shandong Province. Meantime, semi-structured interview was conducted on 175 health workers. Results: the professional identity score of primary health workers was 3.91±0.760, and the career commitment score was 2.35±1.031. The proportion of individuals with high professional identity(74.2%) was much higher than that of individuals with high career commitment(13.0%). Work stress played a moderating role between professional identity and career commitment. The results of interviews and questionnaire survey showed that 20.3% of primary health workers had relatively high work pressure, which came from four main sources: financial compensation(37.6%), workload(34.8%), superior inspection(29.6%), and career development prospects(28.2%). Conclusion: Primary health workers have the contradictory work attitude of being “high in identity but low in commitment”, in which work pressure is a major contributor. Intervention measures targeting the main sources of pressure should be taken to alleviate the pressure level of primary health workers, so as to promote the transformation of “high identity” into “high commitment” and promote the sustainable development of primary health workforce.
作者
赵世超
童西洋
张安琪
王德龙
王颖
ZHAO Shi-chao;TONG Xi-yang;ZHANG An-qi;WANG De-long;WANG Ying(School of Public Administration,Shandong Normal University,Jinan Shandong 250014,China;Center for Health Management and Policy Research,Shandong University,Jinan Shandong 250012,China;School of Political Science and Public Management,Shandong University,Qingdao Shandong 266200,China;School of Management,Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Jinan Shandong 250355,China)
出处
《中国卫生政策研究》
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第1期67-73,共7页
Chinese Journal of Health Policy
基金
国家自然科学基金青年项目(72204150)。
关键词
基层卫生人员
工作态度
职业认同
职业承诺
混合研究方法
Primary health worker
Work attitude
Professional identity
Career commitment
Mixed study method
