摘要
本文基于银行网点设立和家庭信贷选择的视角,研究了新型农村金融机构和传统农村金融机构对城乡居民贷款可得性和城乡居民收入差距的异质性影响。根据我国2000—2018年县域经济、金融机构网点和CHIP2018家庭调查等数据,研究发现,新型农村金融机构表现出良好的支农支小效果,缓解了农村地区信贷约束,比较而言,传统农村金融机构的表现相对偏弱。具体来看,新型农村金融机构的网点扩张提高了农村居民的贷款可得性,进而有利于缩小城乡收入差距。本文研究为我国农村金融机构改革提供了一定参考。
China's rural financial reform has effectively been a top-down storage reform.Before 1990,traditional rural financial institutions(TRIs,including rural credit cooperatives,rural cooperative banks and rural commercial banks)fulfilled a large number of urban construction roles.Following the implementation of China's commercialization and market-oriented reforms,TRIs have preferred to serve urban residents and large and medium-sized enterprises with the goal of making profits.As a result,more financial institutions that originate from rural economies and actively serve rural residents are needed to increase the supply of rural financial services.In 2006,China introduced an innovative reform that encouraged industrial and private capital to invest in new rural financial institutions(NRIs,including village banks,loan companies and rural mutual fund cooperatives).However,the question remains as to whether,under this incremental reform,NRIs are easing financing constraints in rural areas and reducing the urban-rural income gap.This paper conducts theoretical and empirical studies on NRIs and TRIs.We use the evolutionary game model to examine the results of competition between the two types of rural financial institutions and show,using the income model,that they change the urban-rural income gap by changing the availability of resident loans.In the empirical part,this paper first builds a dynamic panel GMM model using county macroeconomic data and financial institution branch data from 2000 to 2018.The financial institution branch data come from the disclosure of financial license information on the official website of the CBRC,which contains the branch information of more than 200,000 financial institutions in China since 1949(including address,date of establishment and revocation information).Based on these data,we construct a proportion indicator of rural financial institution branches to explore the different effects of NRIs and TRIs on the income gaps of urban and rural residents.We then use the 2018 China Househol
作者
花弘毅
李曜
HUA Hongyi;LI Yao(School of Finance,Shanghai University of Finance and Economics)
出处
《金融研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第12期112-129,共18页
Journal of Financial Research
关键词
农村金融机构
城乡收入差距
贷款可得性
Rural Financial Institutions
Urban-Rural Income Gap
Loan Availability
