摘要
管涌险情是我国堤防工程的主要险情之一,是防汛抢险一线重点关注的对象,一旦致灾,损失重大。在防汛抢险实践中发现,不同管涌险情对堤防工程的危害程度不同,但难以采取不同的措施进行处置,导致对管涌险情的抢险存在夸大或轻视的现象,其主要原因是对管涌险情的危害程度认识不足。为此,从管涌险情对堤防工程的危害程度角度出发,从管涌险情特征、作用水头差和堤防工程自身条件等方面识别了8个影响堤防险情致溃性的因子,并采用层次分析法建立了管涌险情的致溃程度评价方法。结果表明,管涌距堤脚的距离对堤防工程的危害影响最大,其次为堤外水头和管涌规模,其权重分别为0.3755、0.2021和0.1723。以长江流域33个典型管涌险情案例进行管涌分类评价,分析了湖北省嘉鱼县簰洲湾和湖北省武汉市青山倒口湖管涌险情处置情况,验证了该方法的科学性和实用性。该研究成果可为管涌险情分级抢险提供技术支撑,为制定堤防险情抢险方案提供借鉴。
Piping was one of the main risks of dike engineering in China,thus it was vital to the flood control and rescue.However,in the practice of flood control and emergency rescue,the degree of damage caused by piping was different.It was difficult to take different measures to tackle the piping risks,which resulted in exaggeration or contempt for the rescue of piping.The main reason could be the lack of understanding of the piping damage degree.To this end,this paper presented the concept of collapsed piping based on the damage degree of piping to dike engineering,and developed a method for estimating piping damage degree using the analytic hierarchy process.And the quality of dike engineering,water head difference and piping risk characteristics were chosen as the main impact factors to evaluate the risk degree of piping.The results showed that the distance of piping to dike,with a weight value of 0.3755,was the most important impact factor on the risk degree of piping,followed by the water level of outside dike with a weight value of 0.2021,and piping scale had minimal effect with a weight value of 0.1723.The risk degrees of 33 typical piping appeared in the Yangtze River,were assessed by using the analytic hierarchy process.Moreover,the two piping risks happened in Qingshan district of Wuhan city(2016)and Paizhouwan of Jiayu county,Hubei province(1998),were contrastively analyzed with the traditional empirical method and the analytic hierarchy process method,respectively,which showed that the analytic hierarchy process was more scientific and practical.The results can provide technical support for the classification of piping hazard and dike rescue.
作者
吴庆华
汪啸
张家发
张伟
WU Qing-hua;WANG Xiao;ZHANG Jia-fa;ZHANG Wei(Key Laboratory of Geotechnical Mechanics and Engineering of Ministry of Water Resources,Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute,Wuhan,Hubei 430010,China)
出处
《岩土力学》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第2期595-602,614,共9页
Rock and Soil Mechanics
基金
中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费项目(No.CKSF2021488/YT)
国家自然科学基金(No.42072282)
国家重点研发计划项目(No.2017YFC1502600)。
关键词
堤防工程
管涌险情
分类方法
致溃程度
dike engineering
piping
classification method
degree of risk
