摘要
针对聚酯(PET)纤维易燃且燃烧时伴随着大量熔滴与烟气的问题,将二乙基次膦酸盐阻燃剂、大分子型有机硅与PET载体共混制备磷硅阻燃母粒。将磷硅阻燃母粒按照一定质量分数添加到常规PET切片中混合,经熔融纺丝制得阻燃抑熔滴PET纤维。借助扫描电子显微镜、复丝强度仪、差示扫描量热仪、热重分析仪、氧指数测试仪、拉曼光谱仪对阻燃PET的力学性能、热性能与阻燃性能等进行表征和分析。结果表明:二乙基次膦酸盐阻燃剂使PET表面脱水成炭,大分子型有机硅提升了炭层的石墨化程度,形成有序稳定的炭层,增强了阻燃PET纤维阻燃性能并抑制熔滴形成,且燃烧形成的烟气量下降;添加质量分数为3%的二乙基次膦酸盐阻燃剂与0.77%大分子型有机硅纺制的阻燃PET纤维,其极限氧指数达到31%以上,垂直燃烧测试等级达到V-0级;通过磷硅元素间的阻燃协效作用改善了阻燃PET纤维的可纺性,同时使其具有良好的阻燃与抑熔滴性能。
Objective Polyester fibers are flammable with a large number of molten droplets and smoke emission when burning. This research aims to improve the flame retardant properties of polyester fibers through the addition of phosphorus and silicon flame retardants, and to prepare polyester fibers with better flame retardant properties for fire safety in end uses.Method The phosphorus-silicon flame retardant masterbatch was prepared by blending diethyl hypophosphite flame retardant, macromolecular silicone and polyester. Then, the phosphorus-silicon flame retardant masterbatch was added to the polyester according to an optimized mass fraction, and the flame retardant and anti-dripping polyester fiber was produced by melt spinning. The mechanical properties, thermal properties and flame retardant properties of the flame retardant polyester were characterized and analyzed by using scanning electron microscope, compound filament strength meter, differential scanning calorimeter, thermogravimetric analyzer, ultimate oxygen index meter and Raman spectroscopy.Results The diethyl hypophosphite flame retardant selected in this work is found to be able to dehydrate the polyester surface into char, and the macromolecular silicone enhances the graphitization of the char layer, forms an orderly and stable char layer, enhances the flame retardant polyester flame retardant properties and inhibits the formation of molten droplets. Accordingly, the amount of smoke formed by combustion decreases, and the morphology of the char layer of the samples after combustion is shown in Fig. 5, and the results of the char layer structure stability study were shown in Fig. 6. It is discovered that macromolecular silicone mainly plays a role in the cohesive phase flame retardant process when polyester burns, forming a synergistic effect with phosphorus-containing flame retardant, generating an effective physical barrier, impeding the transfer of combustible gases, oxygen and heat, and inhibiting the occurrence of combustion reactions. The flame retar
作者
任嘉玮
张圣明
吉鹏
王朝生
王华平
REN Jiawei;ZHANG Shengming;JI Peng;WANG Chaosheng;WANG Huaping(College of Materials Science and Engineering,Donghua University,Shanghai 201620,China;Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology,Donghua University,Shanghai 201620,China)
出处
《纺织学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第2期1-10,共10页
Journal of Textile Research
基金
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(2232022D-10)。
关键词
聚酯纤维
阻燃
抑熔滴
磷硅协同阻燃
阻燃机制
可纺性
二乙基次膦酸盐
大分子型有机硅
polyester fiber
flame retardant
anti-dripping
phosphorus-silicon synergy
flame retardant mechanism
spinnability
diethyl hypophosphite
macromolecular silicone
