摘要
为了解北京城市水系的微塑料分布情况,分析北京主城区典型湖泊前海的沉积物及水体中微塑料的丰度和物理形态等特征。傅里叶变换红外光谱法分析表明,前海沉积物和水体中微塑料成分主要为聚乙烯。沉积物中微塑料的丰度范围为145~675 n/kg,平均值为395 n/kg;水体微塑料的丰度范围为4.4×10^(5)~7.2×10^(5)n/m^(3),平均值为5.5×10^(5)n/m^(3)。前海沉积物和水体中微塑料的丰度在空间上分布不均匀。沉积物中微塑料主要赋存于粒径尺寸150~880μm范围的沉积物颗粒,沉积物和水体中无色、纤维状微塑料均占比最高。采用污染负荷指数法评价微塑料的污染风险,发现沉积物和水体中微塑料的污染风险程度分别为轻微污染和极强污染。
In order to understand the distribution of microplastics in the urban water system of Beijing,the abundance and physical morphological characteristics of microplastics in the sediment and water of Qianhai Lake,which is located in the main urban area of Beijing,were analyzed.Fourier transform infrared spectrum showed that the main component of microplastics in the sediment and water was polyethylene.The concentration of microplastics in the sediment was at the range of 145-675 n/kg,with the average value of 395 n/kg;and as well that in the water was at the range of 4.4×10^(5)-7.2×10^(5)n/m^(3),with the average value of 5.5×10^(5)n/m^(3).Uneven was thespatial distribution of microplastics in either sediment or water.Microplastics in the sediment existed mainly in the particles of the size between 150 to 880μm,and the colorless and fibrous microplastics occupied the largest proportion both in the sediment and the water.The pollution load index method was used to evaluate the pollution risk of microplastics,and it was found that the pollution risk degree of microplastics in the sediment and in the water was slight pollution and extremely strong pollution,respectively.
作者
吴倩
傅乐雯
叶霞
杨斯琪
陈坦
杨婷
张冰
WU Qian;FU Yuewen;YE Xia;YANG Siqi;CHEN Tan;YANG Ting;ZHANG Bing(College of Life and Environmental Sciences,Minzu University of China,Beijing 100081,China)
出处
《中央民族大学学报（自然科学版）》
2023年第1期36-46,共11页
Journal of Minzu University of China(Natural Sciences Edition)
基金
中央民族大学2022年青年教师科研能力提升计划项目(2022QNPY59)。
关键词
微塑料
北京前海
丰度
物理形态
污染风险
microplastics
Beijing Qianhai Lake
abundance
physical morphological characteristics
pollution risk
