摘要
本文揭示了农业强国建设在社会主义现代化强国战略中的重要地位,剖析了中国实现由农业大国向农业强国跨越的现实基础和主要障碍,梳理了世界农业发达国家的共性特征和规律性启示,提出了加快建设农业强国的路径选择。研究发现:中国农业发展面临的主要问题仍是大而不强,在农业产出效率、农产品国际竞争力、科技创新能力、产业组织能力等方面存在不足。而农业发达国家普遍在农业科技现代化、服务现代化、产业链现代化、经营体系现代化等方面具备优势,并且注重本国农业可持续发展、农业支持保护和工农城乡关系调整。中国要建设的农业强国,既有世界农业发达国家的共同特征,也有基于现实国情农情的中国特色;既要伴随全面建设社会主义现代化国家的全过程,也要体现中国式现代化本质要求的各方面。因此,必须立足中国基本国情农情,有效发挥政治制度、土地制度、农耕文明、改革发展、技术后发等特殊优势,夯实国家粮食安全根基、加强耕地保护建设、强化农业科技和装备支撑、提升农业产业链韧性、加强和完善农业支持保护、促进农业绿色发展全过程转型、推进农业高水平对外开放。
This article addresses the importance of building up China’s strength in agriculture to construct a modem socialist country and analyzes China s present basis and difficulties in turning into an agricultural powerhouse.The study further examines the common characteristics of the world’s developed countries enjoying advanced agriculture and introduces the corresponding implications for China.It also pute forward the pathways to accelerate China’s transformation into an agricultural powerhouse.The study finds that China’s agricultural development is not strong enough,and there are deficiencies in agricultural productivity,international competitiveness of agricultural products,technological innnovation ability,and industrial organization capacity.Most agriculture-advanced countries generally maintain advantages in agricultural science and technology modernization,service modernization,industrial chain modernization,and management system modernization.They aIso address agricultural sustainable development,agricultural support and protection,and adjustment of industrial-agricultural and urban-rural relations.The agicultural powerhouse into which China aims to transform holds the common characteristics of the world’s agriculture-advanced countries and the Chinese characteristics based on the actual national conditions of agriculture.It should accompany the entire process of building a modem socialist country and reflect all aspects of the essential requirements of Chinese path to modernization.The study demonstrates that China should effectively take advantage of the political system,land system faming civilization,reform and development as well as technological backwardness.China should consolidate the foundation of national food security,strengthen the protection and construction of cultivated land,enhance support for agricultural science and technology as well as equipment,improve the resilience of agricultural industry chain,reinforce agricultural support and protection,promote the green development and t
作者
金文成
靳少泽
JIN Wencheng;JIN Shaoze
出处
《中国农村经济》
北大核心
2023年第1期18-32,共15页
Chinese Rural Economy
基金
国家社会科学基金项目“我国城乡关系演进下农户代际分工和阶层分化问题研究”(编号:22CJL003)的阶段性成果。
关键词
农业强国
现实基础
国际经验
路径选择
Agricultural Powerhouse
Present Basis
International Experience
Path Selection
