摘要
地球物理探测技术在油气勘探开发中发挥着至关重要的作用,其中地震勘探技术因其能够构建地下三维地质体的空间结构和岩石属性,在油气勘探中投入成本和产出贡献占比最大。自1851年人工激发地震波的传播速度首次被测量以来,在过去170多年历史进程中,地震勘探技术发生了突飞猛进的变化,取得了辉煌的成就,为全球大型特大型油气田的发现作出了突出贡献。系统回顾地震勘探的发展历程和关键历史节点的突破性技术,其中主要包括早期光点记录、模拟磁带到现代数字化地震仪器装备的发展;早期二维测线到宽方位/全方位三维地震采集和处理技术的进展;陆地电缆和海洋拖缆以及陆海节点地震采集技术;当前“两宽一高”地震采集和处理解释一体化技术以及高效采集及智能化处理解释技术等。
Geophysical exploration technology is of vital importance to the oil and gas exploration and development, in which the seismic exploration makes the greatest contribution to the input-output ratio of the oil and gas exploration due to its ability of detecting the spatial structure and rock properties of subsurface 3D geological bodies. Seismic exploration technology has made great progress since the propagation velocity of artificial seismic waves was firstly recorded in 1851,which has undergone rapid changes, made brilliant achievements, and produced outstanding contributions to the discovery of giant and super-giant oil and gas fields around the world in the past more than 170 years. This paper systematically reviews the development history of seismic exploration and the breakthrough technologies of several key historical moments, including the development of seismic recoders from spot recording of early stage to analog tape and then digital tape;the progress in seismic data acquisition and processing from two-dimensional lines to wide-/full-azimuth three-dimensional surveys;the seismic data acquision technology of land streamer, marine streamer and onshore/offshore seismic node;the “wide azimuth, broadband, and high density”(WBH) seismic data acquisition, processing and interpretation integrated techniques as well as efficient seismic acquisition, intelligent processing and interpretation technologies.
作者
林腾飞
窦立荣
甘利灯
LIN Tengfei;DOU Lirong;GAN Lideng(Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration&Development,Beijing 100083,China)
出处
《世界石油工业》
2023年第1期57-69,共13页
World Petroleum Industry
关键词
地震勘探
油气探测
地震数据采集
数据处理解释一体化
seismic exploration
oil and gas detection
seismic data acquisition
seismic integration of data processing and interpretation
