摘要
人工智能技术的快速发展和应用给社会发展带来了新动力,优化了生产环节和管理过程,提高了制造业企业的生产率水平。与此同时,也引发了就业市场对于“机器换人”的担忧。文章使用2013—2020年231家制造业企业面板数据,通过实证回归,研究和分析了人工智能技术应用对于制造业企业员工数量和工资收入的影响。研究发现:人工智能应用对制造业企业员工数量有着显著负向效应,对工资水平有着显著正向效应,且两者影响均具有异质性。据此,应该正确认识人工智能的替代效应,抓住人工智能带来的人才培养机遇,针对不同地区、不同规模的企业合理把握人工智能的应用范围与程度。
The rapid development and application of artificial intelligence technology has brought new impetus to social development,optimized production links and management processes,and improved the productivity level of manufacturing enterprises.At the same time,it also triggered the concern of the job market about“machine replacement”.Using the panel data of 231 manufacturing enterprises from 2013 to 2020,this paper studies and analyzes the impact of artificial intelligence technology application on the number and wage income of employees of manufacturing enterprises through empirical regression.It is found that the application of artificial intelligence has a significant negative effect on the number of employees in manufacturing enterprises,and a significant positive effect on the wage level,and both effects are heterogeneous.Therefore,we should correctly understand the substitution effect of artificial intelligence,seize the talent training opportunities brought by artificial intelligence,and reasonably grasp the application scope and extent of artificial intelligence for enterprises of different regions and sizes.
作者
孙文远
刘于山
SUN Wenyuan;LIU Yushan(School of Economics,Nanjing Audit University,Nanjing 211815,China)
出处
《华东经济管理》
北大核心
2023年第3期1-9,共9页
East China Economic Management
基金
国家社会科学基金一般项目“人工智能对就业的影响机制与对策研究”(20BJL144)
江苏省研究生实践创新计划项目“人工智能发展对制造业就业的影响——隐形就业的视角”(SJCX22_0909)。
关键词
人工智能
劳动力市场
制造业就业
替代效应
artificial intelligence
labour market
employment in manufacturing industry
substitution effect
