摘要
随着我国工业化进程的加快,高盐废水的排放量也与日俱增。在双碳背景下,高盐废水的资源化不仅要求对水资源进行利用,还要求对废水中的盐分(主要是NaCl和Na2SO4)进行分离和资源化利用。系统归纳了高盐废水处理中的几种混盐分离技术,包括传统的变温结晶分盐和纳滤分盐,以及近年来研究人员广泛关注的选择性电渗析法(SED)分盐、电容脱盐法(CDI)分盐等电化学方法,以期为实际生产过程中选取适宜的高盐废水资源化手段提供一定借鉴。分析表明,传统方法具有低成本、技术成熟的优点,但也存在高能耗、膜污染等弊端;电化学方法是很有前景的混盐分离手段,但还需要开发高性能的离子交换膜和电极等电化学材料,才能进行大规模的工业化应用。对分离后得到的NaCl和Na2SO4的资源回用途径进行了详细介绍,指出Na2SO4的资源化利用是重点和难点,需要将其转化为K2SO4等其他产品以提高其经济价值。
With the accelerated industrialization in China,the discharge of highly saline wastewater is increasing day by day.In the background of carbon peak and neutrality,the resourcization of highly saline wastewater requires not only the utilization of water resources,but also the separation and resourcization of salts(mainly sodium chloride and sodium sulfate)in wastewater.Several mixed salt separation techniques in highly saline wastewater treatment,including the traditional variable temperature crystallization salt separation and nanofiltration salt separation were systematically summarized,as well as electrochemical methods such as selectrodialysis(SED)and capacitive deion⁃ization(CDI),which had received wide attention from researchers in recent years.This review was expected to pro⁃vide some implications for the selection of suitable means of resource recovery of highly saline wastewater in the ac⁃tual production process.The analysis showed that traditional methods had the advantages of low cost and mature technology,but they also had the disadvantages of high energy consumption and membrane pollution.Electrochemi⁃cal method was a promising means of salt separation,but it still needed to develop high-performance ion exchange membranes and electrodes and other electrochemical materials for large-scale industrial application.The resource reuse pathways of sodium chloride and sodium sulfate obtained after separation were also described in detail.It was pointed out that the focus and difficulty of salt resource utilization was the reuse of sodium sulfate,which needed to be converted into other products such as potassium sulfate to increase the economic value.
作者
孙小淇
郝泽伟
陈家斌
周雪飞
张新妙
陈业钢
王雷
张亚雷
SUN Xiaoqi;HAO Zewei;CHEN Jiabin;ZHOU Xuefei;ZHANG Xinmiao;CHEN Yegang;WANG Lei;ZHANG Yalei(College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China;SINOPEC Beijing Research Institute of Chemical Industry,Beijing 100013,China;Shanghai Denovo Environment Protection Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 200233,China;Chinese Research Academy of Environment Sciences,Beijing 100012,China)
出处
《工业水处理》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第2期14-22,共9页
Industrial Water Treatment
基金
国家重点研发计划课题(2021YFC2102203)。
关键词
高盐废水
分盐
资源化利用
氯化钠
硫酸钠
highly saline wastewater
salt separation
resource utilization
sodium chloride
sodium sulfate
