摘要
一定基本社会制度下建立与发展国有企业的理论基础和经济体制决定了国有企业的性质、地位、目标和功能,经济社会发展的时代基点与要求则决定了国有企业在不同阶段的使命与任务。本文认为,应从理论与实践的历史演化视角分析中国国有企业的性质与功能。在计划经济体制下,国有企业是反映社会主义本质特征的经济基础,是国家代表公众利益全面参与和控制经济的组织工具与手段,是政府下属的特殊机构,是经济主体的替代物。国有企业是保障社会主义制度、实现社会公平、人民当家作主、解决社会主要矛盾的物质基础和政治基础,是国家全面参与和控制经济的工具与实现形态。改革开放后,理论创新与改革实践没有改变国有企业作为反映社会主义本质特征的经济基础这一特殊性质,但成为国家参与、干预和调控经济的组织工具与手段,是市场的替代物。国有企业的功能内涵有所拓展,不仅是保障社会主义制度、实现社会公平、人民当家作主、解决社会主要矛盾的物质基础和政治基础,还是国家参与、干预和调控经济的组织工具与手段。新时代国有企业的性质与功能未变,但经济社会发展的时代基点和要求发生了变化,国有企业的使命与任务更为重大。
Under a certain basic social system,the practical theoretical basis and economic system for establishing and developing state-owned enterprises determine the nature and status of state-owned enterprises.The nature and status of state-owned enterprises in turn determine the goals and functions of state-owned enterprises.The goals and functions of state-owned enterprises as well as certain historical stage of economic and social development determine the mission and tasks of state-owned enterprises in different stages of economic and social development.The nature and function of state-owned enterprises in China should be analyzed from the perspectives of historical logic,theoretical logic,and practical logic,and the historical evolution and institutional change of theory and practice.There are differences in the nature and functions of state-owned enterprises in different basic social systems,and there are also differences in the nature and functions of state-owned enterprises in different economic systems under the same basic social system.The establishment and development of state-owned enterprises in socialist countries is first and foremost a practice of Marxist theory.Under a planned economy system,state-owned enterprises are the organizational form that reflects socialist production relations and the economic basis that reflects the essential characteristics of socialism.They are the means and tools by which the state represents the comprehensive interests of the public in participating in and controlling the economy.State-owned enterprises are special institutions under the jurisdiction of the government and are substitutes for real enterprises.Accordingly,their functions are to maintain the material and political foundations of the socialist system,to realize the material and political foundations of social justice,people’s democracy,and the resolution of the main contradictions in society,and to serve as the means by which the state fully participates in and controls the economy.The innovation of theory
作者
胡叶琳
黄速建
HU Ye-lin;HUANG Su-jian(School of Economics and Management,Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications,Beijing,100876,China;Institute of Industrial Economics,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing,100006,China)
出处
《经济管理》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第12期28-45,共18页
Business and Management Journal ( BMJ )
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目“囯企混合所有制改革的实现路径选择研究”(20&ZD073)
国家社会科学基金重点项目“国有企业打造重大原创技术策源地的融资决策研究”(22AGL018)。
关键词
国有企业
性质与功能
理论与实践创新
时代基点
state-owned enterprises
the nature and function
innovation in theory and practice
era base point
