摘要
本文基于不同城市受机器人影响前的行业结构差异,结合各行业在应用机器人上技术可行性的不同,联合使用城市层面与个体微观数据,考察了机器人对当地劳动者就业的影响。研究发现:2009—2017年间机器人对就业总体呈促进作用,但机器人的替代效应随技术进步逐年增强,2013年后机器人已对劳动者呈现净替代效应;在此期间,机器人对制造业就业呈现逐渐增强的替代趋势,但对生产性服务业就业则存在显著的拉动作用;机器人对不同劳动者群体的影响也存在差异,男性和低学历劳动者承受了更大的就业冲击。
This paper investigates the impact of industrial robots on prefecture-level employment in China from 2009 to 2017 based on the data reflecting the differences in prefecture-level industrial structure before and after being affected by the use of robots.The data show that by and large the use of industrial robots helped increase employment from 2009 to 2017.Yet,following the further development of technology,the labor displacement effect caused by the use of robots increased yearly and dominated prefecture-level employment since 2013.In the meantime,the use of robots had significantly increased the employment in manufacturing-related services.This study also finds that the use of industrial robots affected the employment of different groups in different degrees,yet male and undereducated workers suffered more.
作者
葛鹏
赵忠
GE Peng;ZHAO Zhong(School of Economics,Zhejiang University of Finance&Economics;School of Labor and Human Resources,Renmin University of China)
出处
《中国人民大学学报》
CSSCI
北大核心
2023年第1期102-115,共14页
Journal of Renmin University of China
基金
中国人民大学科学研究基金中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目“我国收入分配问题专题研究”(21XNLG03)阶段性成果。
关键词
机器人
技术进步
就业
替代效应
生产性服务业
Robots
Technological progress
Employment
Displacement effect
Manufacturing-Related services
