摘要
饲草是发展草食畜牧业的基石。然而,现阶段由于饲草品种匮乏以及饲草种植结构单一引起的饲草短缺已成为饲草产业的一大瓶颈问题。因此,在大力发展传统优质饲草的基础上,亟须挖掘新型饲草的生产潜力。新型饲草是指在产量、营养品质、适应性和抗逆性等单方面或多方面较传统饲草具有明显优势、近年来饲用价值才被开发利用的饲草。该文以狗牙根(Cynodon dactylon)、小黑麦(×Triticosecale Wittmack)、藜麦(Chenopodium quinoa)、饲用油菜(Brassica napus)、籽粒苋、田菁(Sesbaniacannabina)和野大豆(Glycinesoja)等为主要对象,系统梳理了新型饲草的国内外研究现状与发展趋势,分析了我国在该研究领域的核心竞争力,探讨了新型饲草育种中存在的重要基础生物学问题,并提出了推动新型饲草产业健康发展的策略和建议,以期促进新型饲草的种业创新和饲草产业的可持续发展,保障国家大粮食安全。
Forage grass is the cornerstone of animal husbandry. However, the shortage of forage grass caused by the lack of elite varieties and simple planting structure has been a bottleneck for the forage grass industry. Therefore, the productive yield potential of new forage grass species besides developing traditional forage grass should be mined. New forage grasses developed in recent years have great advantages over the traditional forage grasses in their feeding value,including yield, nutritional quality, adaptability, and stress resistance. In this review, we summarized the research progress, development trend, and core competitive value of several new forage grasses, including bermudagrass(Cynodon dactylon), triticale(×Triticosecale Wittmack), quinoa(Chenopodium quinoa), forage rapeseed(Brassica napus), grain amaranth, sesban(Sesbania cannabina), and wild soybean(Glycine soja). We also discussed the basic biological problems in new forage breeding. Finally, we provided suggestions and strategies for innovation of the new forage grass and sustainable development of forage grass industry, ensuring food security.
作者
曹丽雯
卢蕊
范吉标
胡龙兴
陈良
Liwen Cao;Rui Lu;Jibiao Fan;Longxing Hu;Liang Chen(Wuhan Botanical Garden,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan 430074,China;Department of Pratacultural Sciences,College of Agriculture,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,China;College of Animal Science and Technology,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225009,China)
出处
《植物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第6期826-836,共11页
Chinese Bulletin of Botany
基金
中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(A类)(No.XDA26050201)
山东省重点研发计划农业良种工程(No.2022LZGC018)
山东省科技型中小企业创新能力提升工程(No.2021TSGC1227)。
关键词
新型饲草
分子设计育种
基础生物学问题
粮食安全
new forage grass
molecular design breeding
basic biological problems
food security
